The invention discloses a real-time exchange method of distributed experimental data. The method involves an initiator, a receiver and a processor of data, and comprises the following steps: creatinga system model file, requesting a local model file, updating a local model data structure, initiating data update, refreshing an update queue, receiving data update, forwarding the data update, and receiving the data. According to the real-time exchange method of distributed experimental data, a part of the technical features of OPC and DDS is absorbed, a lightweight unified hardware and softwareinterface, a common data exchange process and a consistent data management architecture are provided, so that various kinds of tested and test equipment (comprising physical equipment and software systems) can be very lightly integrated and freely exchange data. The system interface is simple, the configuration and deployment are convenient, and flexible and varied test site requirements can be better adapted to.