35results about How to "Improve the top rate" patented technology

The invention provides a new method for mining an open-pit mine sidewall mineral below construction. The new method comprises: dividing each ore layer of the open-pit mine sidewall mineral below construction into a plurality of linear mining caverns along the inclination or trend of an ore body according to set width and height, and numbering in sequence; using mining equipment to first mine odd or even mining caverns, reserving odd or even mining caverns between even or odd mining caverns as ore pillars, performing mining-filling parallel operation on even or odd mining caverns, and filling the mined mining caverns in sequence after satisfying a filling space; when fillings in two adjacent mining caverns are solidified, then mining a mining cavern between the two adjacent mining caverns,and also performing mining-filling parallel operation on mining caverns to be mined later until multi-segment mining and filling of the various layers and thick ore bodies are completed. The mining method provided by the invention improves the strength of supporting a sidewall, reduces the risk of sidewall collapsing and landslide, has a high mineral recovery rate, and reduces pollution to environments such as atmosphere and soil.

The invention discloses an optimization method of all-solid-waste cementing material and mixed aggregate filling slurry, and belongs to the technical field of filling mining. According to the method,the all-solid-waste filling cementing material is prepared through synergistic excitation of alkaline converter steel slag and industrial byproduct gypsum, and an all-solid-waste cementing material optimization model is established for proportion optimization by taking the cost of the cementing material as an optimization target and taking the strength and the volume expansion rate of a cemented filling body as constraint conditions. The invention further discloses an optimization method of the coarse and fine tailing mixed aggregate filling slurry by utilizing the all-solid-waste cementing material. The optimal design of the mixed aggregate filling slurry with the lowest filling cost is obtained by solving the optimal design model of the mixed filling slurry with the cost of the mixed filling slurry per unit volume as an optimization target and the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions. Solid wastes such as steel slag, industrialbyproduct gypsum and beneficiation tailings are applied to mining by a filling method, so that the filling mining cost is remarkably reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental protectionbenefit of filling mining are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion water heaters, and relates to a roof contact method for stope filling. The roof contact method for the stope filling comprises the followingstep that a stope empty area is filled with slag to a certain height to obtain a residual empty area, the height of the residual empty area is measured, the position of the highest point is determined, a hollow anchor rod is installed at the highest point, and a filling pipe is installed on the hollow anchor rod; a first dewatering pipe and a dewatering pipe are installed at the highest point, anda third dewatering pipe and a second dewatering pipe are installed from top to bottom according to the height difference; and the opening between the residual empty area and an inlet or a connectingchannel is blocked, and then filling slurry is conveyed into the filling pipe to realize roof-contacted filling of the residual empty area. The roof contact method for the stope filling has the characteristics of realizing effective roof-contacted filling of the stope empty area, and effectively ensuring the strength of the stope empty area.

The invention provides a proportion optimizing method of a phosphogypsum-based all-solid waste filler for improving a roof-contacted filling rate, and belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly filling mining. The method comprises the following steps: firstly performing mineral analysis and a particle size test on phosphogypsum and low-quality solid waste; performing a strength test and an expansion rate test on a filling body with different proportions of the phosphogypsum-based all-solid waste filler; establishing a strength and expansion rate mathematical model of the filling body based on the test results; establishing a proportion optimization model of the a phosphogypsum-based all-solid waste filler; and finally solving the proportion optimization model to obtain an optimized proportion of the phosphogypsum-based all-solid waste filler. The method makes full use of the self expandability of the phosphogypsum, realizes the proportion optimal combination and synergy ofmultiple low-quality solid waste, can avoid deterioration of the strength of the filling body caused by excessive expansion of the filling body, and can make the swellability of the phosphogypsum exerted to the utmost extent on the basis of meeting the strength of the filling body, thereby improving the roof-contacted filling rate of filling stope.

The invention discloses a method for mixing and filling gangue and high-water materials, which utilizes the high-water materials to supplement the filling gaps of the gangue, thereby achieving compactfilling and bearing a top plate of a goaf. The method comprises the following steps: step 1), a filling retaining wall is arranged on one side of a working face transportation roadway in a way of filling the high-water materials in bags after a filling connection roadway is dug and mined based on a long wall production system; step 2), high-water material filling pipelines is arranged on two sides of the filling connection roadway and the top plate; step 3), the gangue is thrown to the goaf; step 4), a high-water filling material retaining wall is arranged on one side of a working face returnairway after the gangue is thrown, an overflow hole is reserved, and the high-water filling materials are injected into the goaf for filling through reserved filling pipelines; step 5), the reservedoverflow hole is detected. Slurry overflow indicates that the filling is completed and stopped; step 6), the next mining and filling cycle is carried out at an interval of three filling connection roadways and coal pillars. The method effectively reduces the ground surface subsidence value of the mining area of the working face, and simultaneously greatly improves the roof connection rate and thecompactness of the filling body of the goaf.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly handling method for an abandoned underground air raid shelter. The environment-friendly handling method is characterized by comprising the following steps that before filling, after field accumulated water is pumped and ventilation arrangement is completed, a curing agent is sprayed onto sludge from outside to inside in the channel direction, a powerful stirring head and a high-pressure water gun are combined and adopted to stir the sludge on site, and consolidated soil is formed; then, filling units are divided from inside to outside in the channel direction, a drill bit is adopted to drill the ground at the two ends of each unit downwards to penetrate through the arched top of the air raid shelter, light aggregate concrete is poured throughguide pipes, and end sealing walls are formed; the positions nearby the middles and two ends of the filling units are drilled to form filling holes and observing holes; finally, filling is conductedfrom bottom to top through the filling holes between every two sealing walls, the periphery and the top is subjected to filling in sequence, and materials are filled gradually from the low portion tothe high portion; and after the unit is filled, filling of the next unit is conducted. The environment-friendly handling method has the advantages that the strength of the filling body is improved, the filling effect is improved, disturbance to surrounding buildings is effectively controlled, the construction environment pollution is reduced, and visualization of the filling process is achieved.

The invention discloses a comprehensive filling and roof-contacting method for a stoping route. The comprehensive filling and roof-contacting method comprises the following steps of: constructing eachstoping route downhill, performing roof-lifting at the head-on position of the stoping route to form a sand discharging chamber, performing roof-lifting at the inlet of the stoping route, erecting anupper-part open type filling retaining wall, enabling a filling pipeline to enter the stoping route from the upper part of the filling retaining wall, and erecting the filling pipeline to the sand discharging chamber along a roof of the stoping route; and during roof-contacting filling of the stoping route, realizing filling and roof-contacting by utilizing the natural slope of the roof of the stoping route and the pressure of slurry in the filling pipeline, and for a local uneven roof area, realizing local roof-contacting by utilizing vibration of the filling pipeline. According to the comprehensive filling and roof-contacting method disclosed by the invention, during roof-contacting filling, the roof-contacting condition is convenient to observe, the filling and roof-contacting processis simple, the cost is low, the requirement on the filling retaining wall is low, the safety is high, and popularization and application are facilitated.

The invention relates to a paste filling material containing ultrafine tail mud as well as a preparation method and application of the paste filling material. The filling material is prepared from the following raw materials: a cementing material, aggregate and water, wherein the cementing material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of converter steel slag, 5-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 0-20 parts of desulfurized ash; the aggregate comprises superfine tail mud; the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1: 4-6; the slurry concentration is 55-70%. According to the filling material, a large amount of superfine tail mud is utilized, good compressive strength (larger than or equal to 10 MPa) capable of being industrially applied is achieved without adding a water reducing agent, it is guaranteed that the filling material has good practical value, and the problem that the roof contact rate of a stope is not high is solved. The method is beneficial to solving the problems of reduction, harmlessness and recycling of industrial solid waste, solving the problem of tailing stockpiling, and promoting cooperative utilization of solid waste and hazardous waste and environmental protection; meanwhile, cyclic utilization of water resources is achieved through pre-plant return water, and therefore waste of the water resources is reduced.

The invention discloses a filling material suitable for waste underground civil air defence hole treatment and a preparation method thereof. The filling material is characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 40-60 parts of cement, 15-35 parts of solid waste, 0.5-2 parts of water repellent, 0.1-0.3 part of plasticizer, 21.5-36.5 parts of water and 0.05-0.5 part of foamer. The invention further discloses the preparation method of the filling material. The method includes the steps of preparation and transportation of a cement-based slurry commercial concrete stirring station, preparation of engineering field foam and field mixing of cement-based slurry and the foam. The filling material has the advantages that the strength of a filling body is improved, the filling effect is improved,the interference in surrounding buildings is effectively controlled, pollution to the construction environment is relieved, the solid waste is utilized to the maximum degree, the filling cost is reduced, and very high application and popularization value is achieved.

The invention provides a physical and chemical combined roof contact method for stope filling, and belongs to the technical field of filling. The method comprises the following steps of firstly, determining filling process parameters and physical and mechanical property indexes of a filling body according to actual production conditions of a mine, selecting a proper expanding agent type and an appropriate expanding agent addition amount, determining an expanding agent addition mode, and calculating an expansion rate; secondly, establishing a goaf structure model and a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to goaf structure parameters, selecting roof contact rate calculation parameters, and establishing a mathematical model; then determining the number of blanking points and the distance between the two blanking points through comparison of different schemes according to the established roof contact rate mathematical model; and finally, arranging pipelines for filling roof contact. According to the method, a multi-point blanking method (physics) and an expanding agent adding method (chemistry) are fused to form a high-quality and high-efficiency filling roof contact method, the method has the advantages of safety, reliability and low cost and is suitable for roof contact of various mining methods, and the roof contact rate can be controlled and adjusted.

The invention relates to the technical field of mine filling, in particular to an acidic slag-based filling material and a preparation method thereof. The filling material disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-150 parts of acidic slag, 30-40 parts of high-alkalinity powder, 10-20 parts of ultrafine active powder, 1-5 parts of an acid-base regulator, 1-5 parts of a dispersion adsorbent, 2-10 parts of an expansion component, 0.5-1.5 parts of a thickening and water-retaining agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of a retarding and water-reducing agent. The invention also provides the preparation method of the filling material. The acidic slag-based filling material has the characteristics of high stone strength, good fluidity, good water retention, good suspension dispersibility, easy transportation, low cost, environmental protection and energy saving.

The invention discloses a filling roof-contacted method, which comprises the following steps of: after stoping of a stope is finished, performing filling operation, and reserving an empty roof height relative to a top plate of the stope; when filling reaches the reserved empty roof height position, filling is stopped; after the filling body is solidified, upward blast holes are drilled in the top plate of the stope; charging explosives into the blast holes and connecting lines; the space with the reserved empty roof height is filled; and after the filling slurry is initially set, the blast holes are blasted, and roof contact is conducted through the broken expansion property of the blasted ore rock. According to the method, the hole arrangement range can be determined, the drilling depth of the top plate can be controlled and the top breaking range and the top breaking height can be adjusted according to the requirements of filling and roof-contacting, the adaptability is high, the roof-contacting rate is high, and the roof-contacting effect is good.