An all-optical current transformer sensing device capable of active temperature compensation and a temperature compensation method belong to the technical field of optical current sensing and measurement. The invention includes SLD light source, fiber coupler, fiber polarizer, switch module, power supply module, switch signal line, signal processing unit and photodetector; SLD light source and photodetector are connected with the input end of fiber coupler, and the fiber optic The polarizer is connected to the output end of the fiber coupler, the other end of the fiber polarizer is connected to the phase modulator, the phase modulator is connected to the polarization maintaining fiber delay line, and the polarization maintaining fiber delay line is connected to the 1 / 4 wave plate, 1 / 4 wave plate The other end of the power supply module is connected to the sensing part, one end of the power supply module is connected to the switch module, the switch module is connected to the sensing part, and the other end of the power supply module is connected to the sensing part; the signal processing unit is connected to the switch module through a switch signal line; the present invention can balance the sensing The temperature distribution of each point on the ring solves the problem of measurement error caused by uneven heating of the sensing ring.