The invention discloses an automatic file storing and taking device. The automatic file storing and taking device comprises a main shaft, disc sheets, suction disc components, drive arms, a drive shaft, a singlechip controller, piers, conveyers, an alternating current motor and a relay protector, wherein the disc sheets serve as a main part; the middle parts of the disc sheets are provided with disc holes connected with the main shaft; the main shaft comprises a driving motor and bearings; the top of the main shaft is provided with the driving motor; the main shaft passes through the disc holes of the three disc sheets so as to connect the three disc sheets; a plurality of concentric annular grooves are formed in the upper surfaces of the disc sheets; the suction disc components are arranged above the disc sheets, and each suction disc component comprises a suction disc, a vacuum pump and a bar-shaped code scanner; the suction disc components are driven by the drive shaft; the drive arms are connected to the other ends of the suction disc components, and the other ends of the drive arms are connected to the drive shaft; the lower part of the drive shaft is internally provided with the singlechip controller. The automatic file storing and taking device is simple in integral structure, convenient to operate and use, good in stability and high in reliability, reduces the labor intensity, is unlikely to make mistakes in retrieving, and has a high automation degree.