The invention discloses a strong rock burst roadway supporting method. According to the bolt-mesh-anchor type support coupling supporting structure, a three-level combination supporting manner including anchor net, a U-shaped shed and energy absorption and impact prevention supports is adopted. The method comprises the following steps of first, after rock burst mine roadway tunneling is carried out for 100 centimeters, metal net is laid on the roof and the sides of a roadway, and energy absorption and impact prevention anchor rods are installed and fixed; second, anchor rod installation holesare perforated in the roof of the roadway, and the anchor rods are installed in the anchor rod installation holes; third, the U-shaped shed is placed, and the lap joint position of the U-shaped shed is locked; fourth, along with mine roadway tunneling, the first step, the second step and the third step are completed in a cycle manner; and when roadway tunneling is carried out for 600 centimeters to 800 centimeters, the energy absorption and impact prevention supports start to be installed, and along with mine roadway tunneling, the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are completed in a cycle manner. The impact prevention supports are adopted for reinforcement and supporting according to the geological conditions of a roadway while tunneling is carried out, and stability and safety of the roadway are guaranteed. The strong rock burst roadway supporting method has the important practical significance and the significant social benefit in the aspects of high-efficiency mining with coal mine security guaranteed, production cost reduction, economical benefit improvement, social stability maintenance and the like, and has the broad application prospect.