The invention provides a foundation pit excavation deformation prediction method and device based on finite elements, and relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction.The method comprises the steps that firstly, a digital geologic model is built based on
geological survey drilling data, and a foundation pit excavation finite element numerical
simulation model is built in combination with a foundation pit supporting design drawing of a design institute; orthogonal design parameters are combined to obtain multiple groups of
simulation data, and a twinborn
database is established; constructing an initial prediction model and training by using a twin
database to obtain a target prediction model; obtaining foundation pit
monitoring data through a sensor, extracting data corresponding to the twin
database to form an effective parameter combination, and inputting a target model to predict a foundation pit excavation deformation result in the next stage; and judging whether a foundation is excavated or not according to a deformation result, and if not, continuing to predict until the foundation is reached. According to the method, modeling is performed by combining geology and
design data, the model is trained by using a twin database, deformation can be accurately predicted,
dynamic monitoring and real-time prediction are realized by combining
monitoring data, and construction safety is guaranteed.