The application discloses a two-dimensional transient extraction complex superimposed dense channel reservoir characterization method, which comprises the following steps: S1, inputting a two-dimensional seismic profile d(t, x), wherein t is time and x is trace number; S2, performing short-time
Fourier transform S(t,
omega, x, k) on the seismic profile by using a two-dimensional
Gaussian window function, wherein
omega is frequency and k is wave number; S3, obtaining group
delay t0(t,
omega, x, k) in time and group
delay x0(t, omega, x, k) in space by respectively taking partial derivatives of S(t, omega, x, k) with respect to frequency and wave number; S4, obtaining a two-dimensional extraction operator TDTEO(t, omega, x, k); S5, further obtaining a two-dimensional transient extraction transform TDTET(t, omega, x, k) of seismic data; S6, determining the wave number by
energy maximization, obtaining a time-frequency-space domain three-dimensional data body TDTET(t, omega, x, k(t, x, omega)), and obtaining corresponding single-frequency profiles according to required frequencies to perform morphology characterization on the single-frequency profiles. The application can improve energy focusing, effectively eliminate
interference phenomenon and be better applied to complex superimposed dense channel characterization.