The invention relates to the technical field of breeding of livestock and poultry, and especially relates to an efficient goat breeding method based on meat properties. The method comprises the following steps: determination on body weight, DNA sample acquisition, primer synthesis, template PCR amplification of a primer, genotype determination and genotyping, sequencing verification on individual PCR products with different genotypes, individual MBLUP heredity assessment, matching and establishing of a family, formation of a core colony through colony continuous-progeny selection, and manual dispersion of excellent genes. By determining body weight and detecting molecular marker genotype, MBLUP technology is employed for evaluating breeding value of breeding goats so as to perform selection, body-weight determination and genotype detection are performed on selected progeny according to a designed selection target, and the MBLUP method is used to perform colony continuous-progeny selection, so that finally a new variety of north Guizhou Ma goat for meat is formed. By taking selection of north Guizhou Ma goat as an example, the body weight of rams and ewes in a selected north Guizhou Ma goat core colony for meat is improved by 14.12 Kg and 9.61 Kg compared with a basic colony.