The invention provides an independent measuring structure for air leakage of a compressor end and a turbine end of a turbocharger. The independent measuring structure comprises an oil sealing cover, acompressor dorsal disk, a bearing body and a draft tube, wherein the bearing body, the oil sealing cover and the compressor dorsal disk are sequentially mounted on a central shaft of the turbochargerfrom right to left, the turbine end is arranged at the right end of the bearing body, the compressor dorsal disk is connected to the compressor end, a sealing structure is arranged at the outer edgebetween the compressor dorsal disk and the oil sealing cover, a sealing passage is arranged in the position between the compressor dorsal disk and the oil sealing cover, a flow guiding hole is formedin the outer edge of the oil sealing cover, one end of the draft tube is connected to the flow guiding hole, the other end of the draft tube is connected to an air flow meter, an oil return flange onthe bearing body is connected to a turbocharger air leakage measuring device. The independent measuring structure has the beneficial effects that the oil sealing cover, a shaft sealing sleeve and a seal ring are additionally arranged on a typical supercharger structure, and gas leaked by a compressor is separated from gas leaked by a turbine, so that independent measurement of the air leakage at the compressor end and the air leakage at the turbine end is realized.