186 results about "Nonthermal plasma" patented technology

The reduction of NO_x in diesel engine exhaust gas, typically at about 200° C. to 400° C., is accomplished using a dual bed NaY—CuY zeolite reduction catalyst. The effectiveness of the catalyst in reducing the nitrogen oxides is markedly increased by the separate and sequential additions of plasma reformed diesel fuel and ozone to the exhaust before it contacts the powdered catalyst. Reformed diesel fuel is obtained by withdrawing fuel from on-board storage, heating the withdrawn volume and stripping a more volatile fraction with air and passing the air/volatile diesel fuel fraction through a non-thermal plasma reactor. Ozone is obtained by blowing ambient air through a second non-thermal plasma reactor.

A sterilization and decontamination system in which a non-thermal plasma discharge device is disposed upstream of a suspension media (e.g., a filter, electrostatic precipitator, carbon bed). The plasma discharge device generates a plasma that is emitted through apertures (e.g., capillaries or slits) in the primary dielectric. Plasma generated active sterilizing species when exposed to contaminants or undesirable particulate matter is able to deactivate or reduce such matter in contaminated fluid stream and/or on objects. Thus, the undesirable contaminants in the fluid to be treated are first reduced during their exposure to the plasma generated active sterilizing species in the plasma region of the discharge device. Furthermore, the plasma generated active sterilizing species are carried downstream to suspension media and upon contact therewith deactivate the contaminants collected on the suspension media itself. Advantageously, the suspension media may be cleansed in situ. To increase the sterilization efficiency an additive, free or carrier gas (e.g., alcohol, water, dry air) may be injected into the apertures defined in the primary dielectric. These additives increase the concentration of plasma generated active sterilizing agents while reducing the byproduct of generated undesirable ozone pollutants. Downstream of the filter the fluid stream may be further treated by being exposed to a catalyst media or additional suspension media to further reduce the amount of undesirable particulate matter.

A method for non-thermal plasma aftertreatment of exhaust gases the method comprising the steps of providing short risetime (about 40 ps), high frequency (about 5G hz), high power bursts of low-duty factor microwaves sufficient to generate a dielectric barrier discharge and passing a gas to treated through the discharge so as to cause dissociative reduction of the exhaust gases. The invention also includes a reactor for generating the non-thermal plasma.

An internal combustion engine is provided that basically comprises a combustion chamber, an electric discharge unit and a controller. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of fuel and air that is caused to undergo compression self ignition. The electric discharge unit is provided inside the combustion chamber to generate an electric discharge for conducting combustion inside the combustion chamber. The controller is configured to control a voltage applied to the electric discharge unit. The controller is configured to control the electric discharge unit such that a non-thermal plasma can be formed without incurring a transition to arc discharging, and to control the quantity and distribution of an activated air-fuel mixture inside the combustion chamber in accordance with an operating condition of the internal combustion engine.

A method of making an active gas by generating a glow discharge, non-thermal plasma, in a gas mixture of a carrier gas and a more readily ionisable gas. The gas mixture is exposed to water vapour at or downstream from the generator to form the active gas. The gas mixture includes helium as the carrier gas and up to 40% by volume of at least one noble gas such as argon, krypton, or xenon as the more readily ionisable gas. The gas mixture is ejected at a temperature between 5° C. to 42° C. The active gas may be used for oral treatment such as cosmetic whitening of teeth, medical or non-clinical cleaning of teeth or for cleaning laundry or dishwashing items.

A filtration system adapted to prevent diesel soot carried with recirculated exhaust gas from being recirculated through internal combustion engine. The filtration system provides continuous elimination of soot, thus reducing its negative impact on engine life, lubrication oil quality, and on components in the exhaust gas recirculation system. The filtration system comprises a non-thermal plasma generator that periodically, or continuously, oxidizes carbon deposited, or trapped, within a carbon filter disposed downstream of the non-thermal plasma generator.

A method for treating exhaust gas includes: adsorbing target components in the exhaust gas with an adsorbent (5); introducing a nitrogen gas with an oxygen concentration of 10 vol % or less and a purity of 90 vol % or more into the adsorbent (5); and applying (6, 7, 8) nonthermal plasma to the adsorbent (5). After the adsorbent (5) adsorbs the target components in the exhaust gas, the nitrogen gas is introduced into the adsorbent (5), and then an electric discharge is generated so that the nonthermal plasma of the nitrogen gas is applied to the adsorbent (5) and causes desorption of the target components and regeneration of the adsorbent (5). This method can remove the target components effectively from oxygen-containing exhaust gas by using nitrogen gas plasma with high activity as a result of ionization of a nitrogen gas and combining adsorption, desorption by the nitrogen gas plasma, and nitrogen plasma treatment.

The present invention is characterized in that a casing 2 connected to an exhaust system 8, a honeycomb filter 3 placed in the inside of the casing 2, the honeycomb filter having a plurality of cells partitioned by partition walls, and plasma generation electrodes 6 placed being faced each other by sandwiching the honeycomb filter there are included, particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas is collected by the honeycomb filter 3, nitrogen monoxide contained in the exhaust gas is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide by nonthermal plasma generated between a pulse electrode 4 and an earth electrode 5 constituting the plasma generation electrodes 6, combustible materials in the particulate matter collected and deposited on the surface of the partition walls are removed through oxidation by the nitrogen dioxide produced. As a result, the honeycomb filter 3 can be regenerated.

An odor removal system to neutralize odors and VOC emissions released into the environment by commercial and/or industrial air streams utilizes Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) to create a range of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) to cause the oxidation and/or reduction of odor causing molecules and VOC's. The ROS is generated by drawing atmospheric and/or odorous air through a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Generation Cell (DBDPGC). The gas is activated by passing it through the non-thermal plasma field in the DBDPGC, producing the ROS that are then immediately mixed into the odorous gas stream to be treated, or if it is the odorous gas that is passing through the NTP field, it is inherently mixed. When large volumes of gas, and/or extremely high odor load in combination with large gas volumes must be treated, multiple units can be combined in parallel to treat the gas. The DBDPGC has hermetically sealed hot electrodes and may be used in other applications.

There are disclosed various processes, apparatuses and systems for treating a halogen-containing gas such as F2 that involve generating a plasma in order to reduce chemically the halogen-containing gas into products that are more environmentally manageable. According to a particular embodiment, a reducing agent is mixed with the halogen-containing gas to produce a feed gas mixture and a non-thermal plasma is generated in the feed gas mixture in the presence of liquid water.

The invention belongs to the technical field of air disinfection and purification and relates to a metal strap-plate structure reactor comprising positive electrodes, negative electrodes and a housing, wherein each positive electrode is positioned between the two neighboring negative electrodes, and the housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The metal strap-plate structure reactor is characterized in that the positive electrodes are arranged in the same plane by a plurality of oxidization-resistance metal straps and arranged in parallel by equal distance to form an assembly, and the negative electrodes are made of aluminum plates or stainless steel plates; and both ends of each positive electrode are respectively fixed on a microdischarge-preventing conducting rail, and both ends of the microdischarge-preventing conducting rail are fixed with the housing through an insulating connector. The metal strap-plate structure reactor effectively prevents the microdischarge phenomena of the positive electrodes, prolongs the service life of the metal straps, enhances the concentration of plasma generated by the reactor, improves the air disinfecting and purifying efficiency and has energy saving. The aluminum plate surfaces of the negative electrodes are coated with TiO2 so that the reactor has the effect of yielding twice the result with half the effort. The reactor is a core component of a non-thermal plasma air disinfecting purifier and is a regenerated product of a sawtooth-shaped or needle-point-shaped reactor with nonuniform corona discharge.

An igniter (20) of a corona ignition system emits a non-thermal plasma in the form of a corona (30) to ionize and ignite a fuel mixture. The igniter (20) includes an electrode (32) and a ceramic insulator (22) surrounding the electrode (32). The insulator (22) surrounds a firing end (38) of the electrode (32) and blocks the electrode (32) from exposure to the combustion chamber (28). The insulator (22) presents a firing surface (56) exposed to the combustion chamber (28) and emitting the non-thermal plasma. A plurality of electrically conducting elements (24) are disposed in a matrix (26) of the ceramic material and along the firing surface (56) of the insulator (22), such as metal particles embedded in the ceramic material or holes in the ceramic material. The electrically conducting elements (24) reduce arc discharge during operation of the igniter (20) and thus improve the quality of ignition.

A method for activating chemical reactions using a non-thermal capillary discharge plasma (NT-CDP) unit or a non-thermal slot discharge plasma (NT-SDP) unit (collectively referred to as "NT-CDP/SDP"). The NT-CDP/SDP unit includes a first electrode disposed between two dielectric layers, wherein the first electrode and dielectric layers having at least one opening (e.g., capillary or a slot) defined therethrough. A dielectric sleeve inserted into the opening, and at least one second electrode (e.g., in the shape of a pin, ring, metal wire, or tapered metal blade) is disposed in fluid communication with an associated opening. A non-thermal plasma discharge is emitted from the opening when a voltage differential is applied between the first and second electrodes. Chemical feedstock to be treated is then exposed to the non-thermal plasma. This processing is suited for the following exemplary chemical reactions as (i) partial oxidation of hydrocarbon feedstock to produce functionalized organic compounds; (ii) chemical stabilization of a polymer fiber (e.g., PAN fiber precursor in carbon fiber production; (iii) pre-reforming of higher chain length petroleum hydrocarbons to generate a feedstock suitable for reforming; (iv) natural gas reforming in a chemically reducing atmosphere (e.g., ammonia or urea) to produce carbon monoxide and Hydrogen gas; or (v) plasma enhanced water gas shifting.

A Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Generation Cell includes a plurality of hot electrodes interspersed with a plurality of ground electrodes whereby a power supply connected between the hot and ground electrodes creates a non-thermal plasma between the electrodes. The hot electrodes are hermetically sealed by a rubber material such as a siloxane material surrounding portions of the hot electrodes. The cells are useful in odor removal systems to neutralize odors and VOC emissions in commercial and/or industrial air streams and in gas purification and sterilizing systems which utilizes Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) to create a range of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) to cause the oxidation and/or reduction of odor causing molecules, VOC's, and other contaminants. Where a plurality of cells are electrically connected in parallel, shorts in a cell can be detected by sensing the difference in currents feed to each of the plurality of cells.

A gas treatment system and method for using the same is disclosed. The gas treatment system, comprises: a non-thermal plasma reactor; and a catalyst composition disposed within said non-thermal plasma reactor, said catalyst composition comprising a MZr₄(PO₄)₆, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, ruthenium, silver, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and combinations comprising at least one of said foregoing metals. The process comprises exposing said gas to a plasma field and to the catalyst composition.

The present invention comprises a field enhanced electrode package for use in a non-thermal plasma processor. The field enhanced electrode package includes a high voltage electrode and a field-enhancing electrode with a dielectric material layer disposed in-between the high voltage electrode and the field-enhancing electrode. The field-enhancing electrode features at least one raised section that includes at least one injection hole that allows plasma discharge streamers to occur primarily within an injected additive gas.

A lateral-flow dielectric barrier discharging reactor unit is designed to effectively process waste gas. Nonthermal plasma is obtained through high voltage gas breakdown for processing the waste gas. Reactor units can be arranged and integrated in a serial and/or parallel way with flow uniformity and smoothness for processing a great amount of waste gas with merits of simplicity and low cost.