The invention relates to an improved preventive maintenance and mean value control chart combined economic optimization method, and provides an improved process quality control chart and preventive maintenance combined design optimization method on the basis of considering that the early failure probability of equipment is low, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, analyzing historicaldata; step 2, establishing a unit time cost function ECT by taking minimization as a target according to the abnormal condition of the system; 3, constructing an empire competition optimization algorithm according to the model, and verifying the effectiveness of the model by adopting a Matlab language and combining the production process of a certain mold manufacturing enterprise; 4, performing sensitivity analysis on the model by adopting an orthogonal test design and regression analysis method, and explaining different influences of model parameters on a target function. Due to the fact thata control chart detection point is delayed to a certain preset time point, for a system with a relatively low early hazard rate in a production process, and compared with a system model which initially implements control chart monitoring in system operation, the model of the invention can obtain better economic performance.