16results about "Molten electrolytes" patented technology

The invention discloses a liquid metal battery containing a high-viscosity electrolyte, and relates to the technical field of liquid metal batteries, the liquid metal battery comprises an outer battery shell, a positive electrode structure, a connecting rod piece, a negative electrode structure and a high-viscosity electrolyte, the outer battery shell comprises a main cavity and a cover plate, the cover plate is installed at a top opening of the main cavity in a sealed mode, and the positive electrode structure is arranged in the main cavity; the anode structure is mounted at the bottom of the inner cavity of the main cavity; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the liquid metal battery containing the high-viscosity electrolyte. According to the liquid metal battery containing the high-viscosity electrolyte, the performance of the electrolyte is optimized through the functional additive with good compatibility with the liquid metal electrode, and the material characteristics of the electrolyte are changed to enable the electrolyte to be pasty, so that upward migration of a positive electrode interface in the discharging process of the battery is hindered through the characteristics of relatively high viscosity and relatively poor fluidity of the pasty electrolyte; the battery short-circuit risk is reduced; the compactness of the battery structure is realized by shortening the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the energy loss caused by IR drop of the electrolyte layer is reduced, and the battery efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a low-melting-point high-conductivity molten salt electrolyte and application thereof. The molten salt electrolyte is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 24.0 to 31.0 percent of LiCl, 45.0 to 55.0 percent of LiBr, 15.0 to 20.0 percent of KBr and 4.0 to 10.0 percent of KCl. According to the invention, the LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KCl molten salt electrolyte with the melting point of 325.0 + / -3.0 DEG C and the ionic conductivity not lower than 2.87 S / cm is obtained for the first time. Compared with a common LiCl-KCl electrolyte, the fused salt electrolyte has the advantages that the melting point is reduced by 28.0 DEG C, the ionic conductivity at 500.0 DEG C is obviously improved by at least 1.02 S / cm, the thermal stability is high, and the fused salt electrolyte has very important application value in the field of fused salt thermal batteries.

A secondary battery of the present invention relates to the technical field of inorganic electrochemical energy storage, the secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a diaphragm located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode electrolyte solution and a positive electrode plate infiltrating the positive electrode electrolyte solution, the negative electrode comprises negative electrode fused salt and a negative electrode plate infiltrating the negative electrode fused salt, the negative electrode fused salt is fused salt containing an aluminum element and an oxygen group element, and the oxygen group element is sulfur or oxygen. The battery disclosed by the invention is a secondary battery capable of being circularly charged and discharged for multiple times, and oxygen group element anions in the fused salt and the electrolyte solution can quickly move from one electrode to the other electrode to form current so as to realize storage and release of electric energy. The secondary battery has the characteristics of high energy storage density, high cycle index and low cost.

A battery cell capable of self-priming with molten metal produced within the battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment configured to receive electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electrically conductive coating on a surface of the ion-selective membrane facing the anode compartment and configured to distribute the electrons received from the external power supply across the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell. Self-priming includes combining the electrons with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electrically conductive coating and the ion-selective membrane to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

An electrolyte includes a composite salt mixture formed from a halogen-free closo-borate salt and a halogenated closo-borate salt. The halogen-free closo-borate salt includes a first cation selected from Li+, Na+, Mg2+, or Ca2+, and a closo-borate anion with the structure [ByH(y−z)Rz]2−, [CB(y−1)H(y−z)Rz]−, [C2B(y−2)H(y−t−1)Rt]−, [C2B(y−3)H(y−t)Rt]−, or [C2B(y−3)H(y−t−1)Rt]2−, and a second cation selected from Li+, Na+, Mg2+, or Ca2+, and a halogenated closo-borate anion with the structure [ByH(y−z−i)RzXi]2−, [CB(y−1)H(y−z−i)RzXi]−, [C2B(y−2)H(y−t−j−1)RtXj]−, [C2B(y−3)H(y−t−j)RtXj]−, or [C2B(y−3)H(y−t−j−1)RtXj]2−. The parameter y is an integer within a range of 6 to 12, z is an integer within a range of 0 to y, t is an integer within a range of 0 to (y−1), z+i is an integer within a range of 0 to y, t+j is an integer within a range of 0 to y−1, R is a linear, branched-chain, or cyclic C1-C18 alkyl or fluoroalkyl group, and X is F, Cl, Br, and / or I.

A battery cell capable of self-priming with molten metal produced within the battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment at least partially containing an anode current collector that receives electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electron transport structure extending between the anode current collector and the ion-selective membrane within the anode compartment and configured to transport the electrons from the anode current collector to the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell. Self-priming includes combining the electrons with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electron transport structure and the ion-selective membrane to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a saturated molten salt electrolyte, a liquid metal battery and a parameter testing method, and belongs to the field of energy storage batteries. According to the preparation method of the saturated molten salt electrolyte, by measuring the saturation solubility of Li2X in the molten salt electrolyte, the Li2X saturated molten salt electrolyte can be prepared, so that the Li2X is balanced in the molten salt electrolyte firstly, thereby inhibiting large-amplitude dissolution of polytelluride (selenium and sulfur) and preventing the polytelluride from shuttling towards a negative electrode, and further inhibiting the shuttling effect; the coulombic efficiency of the liquid metal battery is improved, the stability of a positive electrode product is improved, the short-circuit risk of the battery is reduced, and the capacity fading of the battery in the long-cycle process is reduced.

A battery cell includes a cathode compartment configured to contain a catholyte that releases metal ions, an anode compartment configured to receive electrons from an external power supply, an ion-selective membrane positioned between the cathode compartment and the anode compartment and configured to selectively transport the metal ions from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, and an electron transport structure configured to provide electrons to at least one of the ion-selective membrane or an electrically conductive coating on the ion-selective membrane without a molten metal within the anode compartment when self-priming the battery cell, such that the electrons are combined with the metal ions arriving at an interface between the electron transport structure and the ion-selective membrane when self-priming the battery cell to produce the molten metal within the anode compartment.

Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane for a lithium-air battery, a method of manufacturing the same, a cathode for a lithium-air battery, a method of manufacturing the same, and a lithium-air battery including the electrolyte membrane and the cathode. Particularly, the lithium-air battery includes i) an electrolyte membrane, which is manufactured using an inorganic melt admixture including two or more nitrogen-oxide compounds and thus may have a very low eutectic point, and ii) a cathode, which is manufactured by reducing a metal at a fast speed on a carbon material. As such, the lithium-air battery is capable of stably operating even at low temperatures and providing high power output.

An energy storage cell 100 with an anode 101; a cathode 102; a first solid-state electrolyte 103 having a melting temperature above 300 ℃; and a second solid-state electrolyte 104 having a melting tem

According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an energy-storage cell comprising: an anode; a cathode; a first solid-state electrolyte having a melting temperature above 300°C; and a second solid-state electrolyte having a melting temperature below 300°C; wherein the first solid-state electrolyte is configured to isolate the anode and cathode from one another; and wherein the second solid-state electrolyte is disposed at least partially between the cathode active material and the first solid-state electrolyte.

An electrochemical cell includes electrolyte includes a cathode, an anode, and an inorganic boron cluster solid state electrolyte that has a metal cation selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+, a composite salt mixture includes between 0.975 and 0.05 mole fraction of a first boron cluster salt and between 0.025 and 0.95 mole fraction of a second boron cluster salt. In some variations the composite salt mixture includes a third boron cluster salt and can have an activation energy less than 0.65 eV at one or more temperatures above -30oC. The electrochemical cell can also include a catholyte, an anolyte, and / or a separator, and the catholyte, the anolyte, and / or the separator can include the inorganic boron cluster solid state electrolyte.

An electrolyte includes a composite salt mixture with between 0.975 and 0.05 mole fraction of a halogen-free closo-borate salt and between 0.025 and 0.95 mole fraction of a halogenated closo-borate salt, and a first activation energy before a heat treatment and a second activation energy after the heat treatment, the second activation energy being less than the first activation energy.

Disclosed is a gel polymer electrolyte comprising: a first polymer including a repeating unit derived from a first crosslinking monomer having three or more reactive functional groups and a repeating unit derived from a second crosslinking monomer having a cyano group (CN); a lithium salt; and a first organic solvent, which is a nitrile-based organic solvent.

The invention discloses a molten salt electrolyte with low melting point, high conductivity and high stability. The molten salt electrolyte is prepared from the following components in mole percent: 10.0 to 30.0 mol percent of LiCl, 40.0 to 60.0 mol percent of LiBr, 5.0 to 35.0 mol percent of KBr and 1.0 to 10.0 mol percent of KF (potassium fluoride). According to the invention, the LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KF molten salt electrolyte with the melting point of 316.0 + / -4.0 DEG C, the ionic conductivity of not less than 1.95 S / cm at the temperature of 500.0 DEG C and the decomposition temperature of higher than 800.0 DEG C is provided and prepared for the first time. The melting point of the fused salt electrolyte is 8.0-41.0 DEG C lower than that of the existing classic fused salt electrolyte, the ionic conductivity is at least 0.10-0.22 S / cm higher, the thermal stability is greatly improved, and the problems that the existing fused salt electrolyte is high in melting point, low in ionic conductivity and low in thermal stability are solved.

An object is to provide a plate-like partitioning wall allowing permeation of sodium ions therethrough and having high safety and durability.A plate-like partitioning wall 2 of the present invention is formed from a solid electrolyte allowing permeation of sodium ions therethrough. The plate-like partitioning wall 2 has a plate-like shape having, in a center part in the thickness direction thereof, a negative electrode chamber 20 to which molten sodium is supplied. This negative electrode chamber 20 is formed as a foil-like space extending in two-dimensional directions or as a pore-like space extending in two-dimensional directions in a net-like shape.The negative electrode chamber 20 of this plate-like partitioning wall 2 is formed as a thin foil-like space or as a fine pore-like space, and thus, the amount of molten sodium stored therein is very small. Therefore, even when this plate-like partitioning wall 2 is broken and reaction with molten sulfur occurs, the amount of heat generation is small, ignition is not caused, and thus, safety is high.The burn-out pattern and the organic matter powder forming the negative electrode chamber may also be those that are thin or fine. Thus, a small crack or the like is less likely to occur in the compacted body, and durability of the plate-like partitioning wall is high and manufacture thereof is facilitated.