The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water and
fertilizer retention materials, and particularly provides a preparation process of core-shell structure weather-proof
straw-based water and
fertilizer retention integrated granules. The method comprises the following steps: (A)
straw pretreatment and
microwave-assisted activation: A1, crushing straws to 20-40 meshes, adding
urea accounting for 2% of the
dry weight of the straws, adjusting the
water content to 60%, carrying out high-temperature aerobic composting at 55-65 DEG C for 15-20 days, and screening to obtain a 40-80-mesh
cellulose crude product; a2, adding a 5wt%
sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to 30% of the
dry weight of the
cellulose crude product, uniformly stirring, and treating for 5 minutes by using 300W microwaves; the
water retention agent has the following beneficial effects that the inner core takes high-activity
straw cellulose as a core, and the
water retention rate is greater than or equal to 350 times;
humic acid (
fertilizer retention),
lignin (
controlled degradation) and
sodium alginate (
weather resistance) are integrated in the shell, the problem of function splitting of
water retention, fertilizer retention and
weather resistance is solved, the particles are resistant to
exposure to the sun (without
cracking within 3 months) and rain (the
loss rate is smaller than or equal to 5%), and the water retention validity period is prolonged to 6-8 months.