The invention relates to a method for manufacturing plastering mortar for external walls of buildings. The plastering mortar comprises, by weight, 50-70% of river sand, 15-40% of cement, 3-6% of polystyrene adhesive powder, 0.3-0.9% of alkali-resistant glass fibers, 0.2-0.6% of modified saline water retentive agents and 6-12% of components C. The method includes mixing the river sand, the cement, the polystyrene adhesive powder, the alkali-resistant glass fibers and the modified saline water retentive agents with one another and uniformly stirring the river sand, the cement, the polystyrene adhesive powder, the alkali-resistant glass fibers and the modified saline water retentive agents to obtain mixtures; adding the components C into the mixtures; uniformly mixing the mixtures and the components C with one another to obtain the plastering mortar for the external walls of the buildings. The method has the advantages that the mortar manufactured by the aid of the method can be used for wall surfaces of the buildings, accordingly, temperatures can be automatically regulated according to temperature variation, the plastering mortar is good in energy storage performance and thermal engineering performance and stable in physical and chemical properties, and obvious energy saving effects can be realized.