The invention belongs to the technical field of materials and in particular relates to a composite board containing moxa residues as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The provided composite board containing the moxa residues comprises a panel, a core board, a backing plate and adhesive layers, wherein the panel, the core board and the backing plate are glued by virtue of the adhesive layers, and the panel and the backing plate are a poplar plate, an eucalyptus plate, a birch plate or a basswood plate; the core board is prepared from the following raw materials in weight proportion: 11-15 parts of moxa residues, 63-68 parts of wood powder, 3-6 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 15-20 parts of bamboo powder and 6-12 parts of soybean meal adhesive; each adhesive layer contains composite additives and an adhesive in a weight ratio of (1-3):(14-16). The provided composite board containing the moxa residues is flat, fine and smooth in surface, is not blistered when being scalded and ironed, does not discolor or deform and hardly cracks, is good in strength and has excellent insect-proof, anticorrosion and mildewproof properties. The provided composite board containing the moxa residues can be applied to pyrograph.