The invention discloses a preparation method of an instant-dissolving type effervescent salt tablet. The instant-dissolving type effervescent salt tablet is composed of sodium chloride, an adhesive, auxiliaries, an acid source, an alkali source and a lubricant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting the sodium chloride into a stirrer, adding the acid source and a proper amount of auxiliaries and lubricant and evenly stirring; then adding the adhesive, evenly stirring and feeding the materials into a kneader for kneading, crushing and drying so as to obtain a mixed material; pouring the alkali source into a mortar, adding the rest of auxiliaries, evenly mixing the alkali source with the auxiliaries and then stopping grinding, and drying and screening the obtained material so as to obtain a mixed material; evenly mixing the two mixed materials in a mixer, tableting, trimming the tablets and screening the tablets after the even mixing; and finally, packaging. The instant-dissolving type effervescent salt tablet can be rapidly dissolved in water, i.e., about 7.5g of salt can be completely dissolved in 100mL of water at 50 DEG C only within 1 minute under the condition that the stirring is not carried out, so that the application efficiency of the effervescent salt tablet is improved.