The invention discloses an assembly type bent cap formwork system, and belongs to the field of expressway bridge engineering. The system comprises two groups of side formworks, two groups of end formworks, two bottom formworks, multiple bottom crossbeams arranged at the bottoms of the bottom formworks and two groups of primary trusses arranged on the periphery of a formwork; the side formworks, the end formworks and the bottom formworks are matched to form a bent cap; the primary trusses comprise multiple C-shaped trusses, B-shaped trusses and A-shaped trusses, and the primary trusses are provided with operating platforms, ladder stands and fences; the bottom formworks are provided with cavities matched with bridge pier columns, the bottom crossbeams arranged at the bottoms of the bottom formworks are put up on the primary trusses, upper opposite-pull rods are arranged on the upper portions of the bottom formworks, and lower opposite-pull rods are arranged at the bottoms of the bottom formworks; the lower ends of the primary trusses are fastened to the bridge pier columns through embedded bolts and cone nuts. According to the bent cap formwork system, the construction efficiency of bent cap formwork installation is greatly improved, the working environments of the processes of formwork installation, on-site steel bar binding and concrete pouring are improved, and the safety guarantee capacity is improved.