The invention discloses a file box capable of achieving rapid file taking and belongs to the technical field of file boxes. The file box comprises a box body, a plurality of file pop-up mechanisms, aplurality of file supporting frames and a plurality of file compressing mechanisms, the box body is internally provided with a plurality of file grooves, the multiple file pop-up mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple file supporting frames, each file pop-up mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a clamping assembly and an elastic assembly, the multiple file compressing mechanisms are in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple file supporting frames, and a drying assembly is arranged at the top of the file box. Through the file compressing mechanisms, files in the file supporting frames can be prevented from being loosened and bent, through arrangement of the file pop-up mechanisms, the speed of external damp air entering the box body can be decreased while thefiles are rapidly taken conveniently, the airtightness of the file box is improved, and thus the file keeping effect is improved.