The invention relates to a three-stage control system and method for a wide-range bidirectional DCDC electronic load, and is used for solving the technical problems of high test cost, low test precision and difficulty in debugging existing in a method for combining a plurality of power supply loads in a traditional power supply test. The system comprises an input stage circuit, an intermediate stage circuit unit, an output stage circuit, a first control system for controlling the input stage circuit, a second control system for controlling the intermediate stage circuit unit and a third control system for controlling the output stage circuit, the output end of the third control system is connected with the first control system. According to the method, an input-stage circuit adopts a voltage outer loop control and current inner loop control mode, an intermediate-stage circuit adopts a fixed-frequency and fixed-duty-ratio open-loop control mode, and an output-stage circuit adopts a constant-current, constant-voltage, constant-resistance and constant-power outer loop control and inductive current inner loop control mode; the input-stage circuit and the output-stage circuit are synchronously controlled, energy of the intermediate-stage circuit is automatically distributed, and bidirectional control is realized.