The invention provides an extensible detachable potted foldable planting device applicable to ships and warships and households. The extensible detachable potted foldable planting device comprises a foldable planting pot support, a rotatable balance rod and a plurality of layers of strip planting pots, the foldable planting pot support is provided with a joint component and a supporting mechanism enabling the foldable planting pot support to unfold and fold, the strip planting pots are detachably and supportingly disposed on balance supporting seats, each balance supporting seat is rotatably connected on the foldable planting pot support through a bearing component, a balance rod rotating connection fulcrum of each balance supporting seat is rotatably connected with the balance rod, and each two adjacent balance supporting seats, the balance rod and the foldable planting pot support form a four-link mechanism. The extensible detachable potted foldable planting device can be unfolded and folded, is small in occupied area and large in sunlight receiving area, is particularly applicable to planting of flowers and vegetables of walls and rails of the ships and warships, household balconies and roofs, islands, farm villages, farms, urban roads, industrial and mining areas, schools and the like, and is more suitable for use in cabins of aircraft carriers, submarines and the like with light supplement particularly for consideration of ships and warships and island stormy waves, so that plants can adjust and purify air in the cabins.