The invention discloses a weft breakage detection device of a shuttle loom. The device comprises a weft detection fork, an adjusting support and a front-and-back adjusting rod, wherein the front-and-back adjusting rod is arranged at one end of a shuttle carrier, and the weft detection fork is arranged at the end, close to a steel buckle, of the front-and-back adjusting rod; weft penetrates throughthe weft detection fork, and an infrared receiving head and an infrared emitting head are arranged on the weft detection fork; the infrared receiving head and the infrared emitting head are electrically connected with a controller, and the adjusting support is arranged at the end, away from the steel buckle, of the weft detection fork. The device is suitable for various loom equipment, solves theproblem that the weft of the loom is broken but the loom is not stopped and accordingly defective cloth is produced, also solves a series of problems of troublesome installation, difficult debugging,complex operation, unreliable shutdown during weft detection and the like, can improve the quality and yield of woven fabric, saves manpower and materials, and effectively reduces the labor intensityof workers. A whole control device is simple and clear in structure, low in fault rate, convenient to maintain and capable of reducing the labor intensity of the workers and improving the work efficiency.