7 results about "API gravity" patented technology

Systems and processes for converting light or very light sweet crudes and condensates to chemicals and petrochemicals. The process includes providing a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a crude oil or condensate having an API gravity of at least 35, a sulfur content of less than 0.2 wt %, and less than 10 wt % of hydrocarbons having a normal boiling point above 575° C. The hydrocarbon feedstock is heated and separated to recover a light fraction, a middle fraction, and optionally a heavy fraction. The light fraction is steam cracked to produce a cracked light fraction and the middle fraction is separately steam cracked to produce a cracked middle fraction. The cracked light fraction and the cracked middle fraction are then separated to recover one or more product fractions including an ethylene fraction and a propylene fraction.

A system for refining crude oil to minimize emissions of toxic compounds in the atmosphere during refining. The crude oil is treated with viscosity-reductant additives, reducing viscosity by up to 50% and increasing API gravity by more than 2 points. The method of spray-cracking and vacuum-flashing of crude oil, the system separates light and heavy end chains within the reactor. The vapor is condensed into designer fuels using a multi-stage horizontal reverse condensate-condenser or closed-loop distillation tower. Process heater directs flue gases through high-salinity fluids, such as a brine-processing device to capture, sequester, or mineralize the CO2, CO, NOx, and other contaminants from the flue gases. This results in a significant reduction in emissions, a further reduction to near-zero emissions (>95-98%) is achieved by the combination of (1) the closed loop processes, tank blanketing and capturing, sequestering and mineralizing emitted flue gases from the heater combustion-exhaust.

A process for upgrading hydrocarbon feeds in an FCC system includes passing portions of a heavy hydrocarbon feed to a first reactor and a second reactor and passing portions of a light hydrocarbon feed to a third reactor and a fourth reactor. The heavy hydrocarbon feed has an API gravity of from 10° to 35° and the light hydrocarbon feed has an API gravity of from 38° to 100°. A cracking catalyst is passed to the reactors and contacted with the portions of the heavy and light hydrocarbon feeds. Reaction mixtures from the reactors are separated to produce an FCC effluent and spent cracking catalyst. The spent cracking catalyst is regenerated and passed back to the reactors. A flow rate of the cracking catalyst to the reactors is controlled based on determined heat balance requirements of each of the reactors.

A method of determining an API gravity of a crude oil includes obtaining a reservoir sample containing the crude oil, separating an aromatic fraction from the reservoir sample, analyzing the aromatic fraction using a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instrument, determining peak areas and a ratio of 4-methyldibenzothiophene and 1-methyldibenzothiophene, and determining the API gravity of the crude oil in the reservoir sample using an empirical correlation between API gravity and the ratio of 4-methyldibenzothiophene to 1-methyldibenzothiophene. A method of determining productivity of a region of a reservoir includes determining an API gravity of a crude oil in the sample from the region of the reservoir using an empirical correlation between API gravity and the ratio of 4-methyldibenzothiophene to 1-methyldibenzothiophene, and based on the API gravity of the sample, determining the productivity of the region of the reservoir.

Described herein are embodiments where crude oil and cooking oil may be co-processed in a method that includes catalytically cracking a hydrocarbon mixture to form hydrocarbon product. The hydrocarbon mixture may include from 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % of cooking oil and from 80 wt. % to 99 wt. % of crude oil having an API gravity of from 30° to 38°. The hydrocarbon product may include ethylene, propylene, and butenes.

A process for upgrading hydrocarbon feeds in an FCC system includes passing portions of a heavy hydrocarbon feed to a first reactor and a second reactor and passing portions of a light hydrocarbon feed to a third reactor and a fourth reactor. The heavy hydrocarbon feed has an API gravity of from 10° to 35° and the light hydrocarbon feed has an API gravity of from 38° to 100°. A cracking catalyst is passed to the reactors and contacted with the portions of the heavy and light hydrocarbon feeds. Reaction mixtures from the reactors are separated to produce an FCC effluent and spent cracking catalyst. The spent cracking catalyst is regenerated and passed back to the reactors. A flow rate of the cracking catalyst to the reactors is controlled based on determined heat balance requirements of each of the reactors.

Processes for converting crude oil to gasoline include contacting a crude oil feed with an FCC catalyst composition in a cracking reaction zone of an FCC unit at a temperature of from 500° C. to 580° C., a catalyst-to-oil weight ratio of from 2 to 40, and a contact time of from 0.1 seconds to 60 seconds. The FCC catalyst composition includes USY zeolite impregnated with lanthanum, ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with phosphorous, an alumina binder, colloidal silica, and Kaolin clay as a matrix material. The crude oil feed is a light crude oil, an extra light crude oil, or combination thereof, and has an API gravity of from 33 degrees to 45 degrees and a density of from 0.80 g / cm3 to 0.87 g / cm3. The contacting causes hydrocarbons in the crude oil feed to undergo cracking reactions to produce an FCC effluent that includes gasoline.