The invention provides an optical acoustic ultrasound excitation and induction integrated detection device. An acoustic insulating layer, a sound absorption pad, a miniaturized semiconductor laser tube, a Fourier lens, a cylinder lens, a protection film and an annular multi-ring array sensor are all arranged in casing of the detection device and at same axle wire to form an integrated coaxial confocal structure. The multi-ring array sensor can generate ultrasonic signal, receive ultrasonic echo signal and receive optical acoustic signal by time-sharing excitation to realize optical acoustic ultrasound single or combined detection of A-type dynamic scan. The detection device has advantages of integrating excitation and induction of optical acoustic ultrasound, greatly increasing excitation and induction efficiency optical acoustic ultrasound, effectively reducing laser energy demand, increasing detection depth, and having high measurement sensitivity, simple operation and low cost. The detection device can be widely applied in fields of blood oxygen detection, blood sugar detection, HIFU therapy and effect monitoring, industrial crack detection and so on.