106 results about "Fracture treatments" patented technology

Methods and compositions useful for subterranean formation treatments, such as hydraulic fracturing treatments and sand control that utilize relatively lightweight and/or substantially neutrally buoyant particulates. Particles that may be employed include particulates of naturally occurring materials that may be optionally strengthened or hardened by exposure to a modifying agent; porous materials including selectively configured porous material particles manufactured and/or treated with selected glazing materials, coating materials and/or penetrating materials; and well treating aggregates composed of an organic lightweight material and a weight modifying agent. The relatively lightweight particulate may be suspended as a substantially neutral buoyant particulate and stored with a carrier fluid as a pumpable slurry.

A technique provides an electric submersible pumping system to facilitate a well treatment, such as a hydraulic fracturing well treatment. The electric submersible pumping system is positioned downhole and oriented to intake a fluid delivered downhole for use in the well treatment. Once the fluid is delivered downhole, the electric submersible pumping system pumps, pressurizes and discharges this fluid to perform the well treatment, e.g. the hydraulic fracturing treatment. The pumping system reduces the pressure at which the treatment fluid must be delivered downhole.

A method for monitoring a well treatment, comprising the steps of installing at least one distributed acoustic strain sensor in at least one monitoring well, said monitoring well being a known distance from the treatment well, initiating a well treatment on the first well, monitoring the formation surrounding the monitoring well using the distributed acoustic strain sensor, and using the distributed acoustic strain sensor, detecting a change in strain at a first location in the monitoring well, using the change in strain to make determinations about the well treatment. The sensor may comprise a fiber optic cable. The change in strain may be used as an indicator that the effect of the well treatment has extended beyond a predetermined preferred treatment zone, the treatment may be a fracture treatment, and the well treatment may be controlled or ceased based on the determinations made in step e).

The present invention relates to straddle packer systems and methods of using them for downhole isolation of zones for fracturing treatment. More specifically, the system includes upper and lower seal systems having resiliently flexible sealing elements hydraulically and operatively connected to one another which are responsive to an increase in hydraulic pressure for setting the sealing elements at a first hydraulic pressure threshold. Additionally, the system includes a control system hydraulically and operatively connected between the upper and lower packer systems which is responsive to an increase in hydraulic pressure at a second hydraulic pressure threshold higher for activating a pressure switch system within the control system for opening at least one frac valve in the control system.

Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture consistent with the present invention provide for determining the orientation of natural fractures in the Earth resulting from hydraulic fracturing treatment. Data attribute information from a far-field point-source signal profile for a microseismic event is extracted in the time domain. An estimate of the orientation of the natural fracture is calculated in the time domain based on the extracted data attribute information.

A treatment fluid for use in a combined acidizing and proppant fracturing treatment, the treatment fluid comprising: (A) an emulsion comprising: (i) a continuous oil phase; (ii) an internal aqueous phase comprising: (a) water; and (b) a source of an acid; and (iii) an emulsifier; and (B) a proppant. A method of fracturing a treatment zone of a well, the method comprising the steps of: (I) forming a treatment fluid according to the invention; and (II) introducing the treatment fluid into the zone at a rate and pressure greater than the fracture gradient of the zone.

Prior to a hydraulic fracturing treatment, the estimated fracture length may be estimated with knowledge of certain physical properties of the proppant and transport fluid such as fluid viscosity, proppant size and specific gravity of the transport slurry as well as fracture geometry and the treatment injection rate. The estimated fracture length may be determined by the equation:

(D_PST)^B=q_i×(1/A)×C_TRANS×(d²_prop)×(1/μ_fluid)×(ΔSG_PS)   (I)

wherein:

• • D_PST is thus the estimated propped fracture length;
  • B is the exponent from the Power Law equation describing the transport slurry velocity vs. distance for the fracture geometry;
  • q_i is the injection rate per foot of injection height, bpm/ft.; and
  • A is the multiplier from the Power Law equation describing the transport slurry velocity vs. distance for the fracture geometry;
  • C_TRANS, the transport coefficient, is the slope of the linear regression of the I_SP vs. MHV_ST.

d_prop is the median proppant diameter, in mm.;

• • μ_fluid is the apparent viscosity of the transport fluid, in cP; and
  • Δ SG_PS is SG_prop−SG_fluid, SG_prop being the specific gravity of the proppant and
  • SG_fluid being the specific gravity of the transport fluid.

The minimum horizontal flow velocity, MHV_ST, for transport of the transport slurry based upon the terminal settling velocity of the proppant, V_t, may be determined in accordance with Equation (II):

MHV_ST, =V_t×10   (II)

Via rearrangements of the same derived equations, a model for optimizing the transport fluid, proppant, and/or treating parameters necessary to achieve a desired propped fracture length may further be determined.

The invention discloses an integrated mining method for commonly mining coal and gas of a high mine. The integrated mining method comprises the following steps of: adopting a process technology which utilizes ground drilling to drain coal bed gas for carrying out gas drainage on unmined areas, and carrying out coal mining on drainage areas when the safety standard is met; for mined areas, utilizing the space of the existing roadways and gas drainage special preparation roadways under the coal mine or additionally opening large-diameter long drilling holes which have different distances from a drill site to a coal bed top plate; selecting corresponding fracturing pump stations and fracturing process technologies to carry out fracturing treatment, forming a fracture network system communicated with the coal bed in the coal bed top plate to preextract the coal bed gas; when the preextraction meets the safety standard, firstly adopting a tunneling process to tunnel an intake airway and a return airway of a work surface; distributing a stopping work surface, then carrying out construction of the conventional drainage and drilling at the intake airway and the return airway of the work surface; and by utilizing the mine pressure rule caused by the stopping of the work surface, implementing the preextraction before mining and simultaneous mining and extraction with fracturing holes, and realizing integrated mining of the coal and the gas. In the integrated mining method, the safe high-efficiency common mining of the coal and the gas can be realized and the application prospect is wide.

A method is given of fracturing a subterranean formation including the step of a) pumping at least one device actively transmitting data that provide information on the device position, and further comprising the step of assessing the fracture geometry based on the positions of said at least one device, or b) pumping metallic elements, preferably as proppant agents, and further locating the position of said metallic elements with a tool selected from the group consisting of magnetometers, resistivity tools, electromagnetic devices and ultra-long arrays of electrodes, and further comprising the step of assessing the fracture geometry based on the positions of said metallic elements. The method allows monitoring of the fracture geometry and proppant placement.

The invention provides a hydraulic fracturing treatment method of an unconventional reservoir oil and gas well. The hydraulic fracturing treatment method comprises the following steps: injecting a material liquid into existing fractures of a reservoir; enabling a temporary plugging material in the material liquid to form bridge blinding at the seams of the fractures; performing hydraulic fracturing construction to force the fractures to turn; and injecting an active liquid to activate microfractures of the reservoir, and the steps are performed at least once. By the adoption of the hydraulic fracturing treatment method of the unconventional reservoir oil and gas well, not only can a plurality of man-made fractures be formed, the microfractures of the reservoir can be activated, the drainage area is enlarged, and the single-well yield and the economic benefits are improved. The hydraulic fracturing treatment method provided by the invention is not only suitable for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, coal bed gas and tight oil and gas but also applied to low-permeability and superlow-permeability conventional oil and gas reservoirs; and meanwhile, the method can be used for straight-well capacity increasing revamp construction and can also be used for capacity increasing revamp construction of horizontal wells, deviated wells and the like.

An apparatus and method for reducing the scaling tendency of fracture-treatment flow back water and oil field brine by the precipitation of hardness salts using carbon dioxide as a carbonate donor. The apparatus includes a treatment conduit comprised of a plurality of segments. The treatment conduit includes a plurality of anode surfaces, a plurality of heated cathode surfaces each associated with an ultrasonic transducer and an arrangement for injecting carbon dioxide into the stream of raw water. The injection of carbon dioxide from an external source helps to reduce the pH of the water and to prevent scaling by softening the water thereby eliminating the use of HCL at the frac job site. The treatment conduit further includes a plurality of static mixers each creating hydrodynamic cavitation thereby facilitating better mixing of the carbon dioxide and higher mass transfer efficiency.

A limited entry perforating phased gun system and method for accurate perforation in a deviated/horizontal wellbore is disclosed. The system/method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charge clusters. The charges are spaced and angled such that, when perforated, they intersect at a preferred fracturing plane. Upon fracturing, the fractures initiate at least principal stress location in a preferred fracturing plane perpendicular to the wellbore from an upward and downward location of the wellbore. Thereafter, the fractures connect radially about the wellbore in the preferred fracturing plane. The fracture treatment in the preferred fracturing plane creates minimal tortuosity paths for longer extension of fractures that enables efficient oil and gas flow rates during production.

There is provided synthetic proppants, and in particular polysilocarb derived ceramic proppants. There is further provided hydraulic fracturing treatments utilizing these proppants, and methods of enhance hydrocarbon recovery.

A method is given for fracturing a formation, in particular far-field in a tight formation, in which at least a portion of the proppant is crushable in situ at some point during pumping, during fracture closure, or at higher Fluid flow stresses experienced later during fracture closure. The closure stress or hydrostatic stress is estimated, then a proppant is selected that is at least partially crushable at that closure stress, and then the fracturing treatment is performed with at least a portion of the total proppant being the selected crushable proppant.

The invention provides a physical simulation device for multiple seam gas well drainage and production. The device comprises a controlling computer, an experimental table, a hydraulic cylinder support rack, a boosting water pump, a vacuum pump, a first level coal seam methane recycling bottle, a second level coal seam methane recycling bottle, a methane gas supply cylinder, a helium gas storage bottle, a hydraulic cylinder, a coal seam boosting water tank, a water returning tank, a thermal water tank and a coal seam boosting chamber. The side portion of the coal seam boosting chamber is connected with a water gas multi-purpose pipeline. A three-channel gas recycling pipe is arranged in the coal seam boosting chamber. The invention further discloses an experimental method of the multiple seam gas well drainage and production. According to the physical simulation device for multiple seam gas well drainage and production and experimental method thereof, the coal samples with physical property parameters similar to the coal seam to be simulated is selected to make the experiment results more accurate, the fracture treatment is imposed on the coal sample before the experiment to form an artificially modified seam network in the condition of a reservoir stratum. The device and method can be directly used for the simulation of the water drainage and gas mining in multiple seams, provide the basis for predicting the drainage and mining effects in actual production process and making reasonable drainage and mining regulation.

The invention discloses a fracture wound section stress measurement and control device based on a bone external fixing mode, which comprises a bone two-dimensional force sensor, a bone external fixing device, an automatic stress application control system and a computer. The bone two-dimensional force sensor is serially connected onto supporting rods on two sides of the bone external fixing device in a threaded manner so as to form a detecting system for the fracture wound section stress measurement and control device, the detecting system detects force exerted on the supporting rods, and accordingly stress applied to a fracture wound section is obtained via calculation and analysis; automatic stress application mechanisms are fastened on the supporting rods, the computer acquires detecting signals of the sensor, servo motor control signals are outputted by the computer via high-precision intelligent control algorithm so as to form the automatic stress application control system, and the stress applied to the fracture wound section is controlled by means of controlling a servo motor. The fracture wound section stress measurement and control device not only can meet requirements of fixation during fracture treatment, but also can realize real-time noninvasive detection of fracture wound section stress and dynamic stress control, and is small in volume, light in weight and high in measurement and control precision.

The invention relates to an intelligent individual exoskeleton device for facture treatment. The intelligent individual exoskeleton device is characterized by comprising an intelligent individual exoskeleton and an installation assisting device. The installation assisting device comprises a steel needle with scale marks, a skeleton reset mechanism and a reference fixing plate. The steel needle with scale marks and the skeleton rest mechanism are installed at a focus position corresponding to the intelligent individual exoskeleton in a matched mode through the reference fixing plate. The device is designed by reserving advantages of internal and external fixation and overcoming defects of internal and external fixation. The exoskeleton is obtained through 3D printing; according to the design of the exoskeleton, a series of technologies of precision needle setting, CT thin-layer chromatographic scanning, computer virtual resetting, biomechanics design and the like are included, and the intelligent individual customized solution for fracture treatment is obtained. The purposes of minimal invasion, precision resetting, firmness, fixation and early recovery of limbs can be achieved.