A high-speed slurry pulse generator comprises a flowing cylinder, a restrictor ring, an upper part mounting plate, a lower part mounting plate, a slurry filter, a piston bin upper part connector, a piston bin, an original force spring, a piston, a piston connecting rod, a moving valve, a control valve, a driving shaft, a though shaft, a driver, a driver bin and the like. The device uses pressure difference produced at the two ends of the restrictor ring, the piston is driven by the control valve, and the moving valve is driven to move to change overflow area of the restrictor ring to cause pressure impulse. A pressure-release hole and a spacing hole in the though shaft are adopted for piston spacing, and the high-speed slurry pulse generator has the characteristics of energy conservation, high speed and high reliability. When the driver adopts an electromagnet, sliding open-and-close control to the control valve can be performed so as to produce impulse pressure waves; and when the driver adopts a reducing motor, continuously rotating open-and-close control to the control valve can be performed, so as to produce continuous pressure wave and carry out wireless data transmission while drilling.