Provided is a coach energy consumption data collection device adopting a CAN bus. The coach energy consumption data collection device comprises a power supply voltage stabilizing unit, an intelligent unit, a system reset unit, a data storage unit, a debugging interface, a display unit, an acceleration detection unit, a CAN interface unit, a communication interface level conversion unit, a coach load signal unit, a wireless communication module and a PC RS-232 interface. The intelligent unit detects a load of a coach and a three-axis acceleration signal, and the three-axis inclination angle is calculated through three-axis acceleration data; data of the speed of the coach, the consumed fuel quantity, the fuel consumption rate and the like are read through the CAN interface unit, collected data is analyzed and processed according to an algorithm designed by software, and the real-time effective fuel consumption rate is obtained; meanwhile, data meeting the standard test condition is screened out, and related data is displayed through the display unit. The coach energy consumption data collection device has the advantages that coach energy consumption related data can be collected rapidly in real time and transmitted to a data processing center, full-automatic coach energy consumption data analyzing, processing and assessing can be achieved conveniently, and the work efficiency and data accuracy are improved.