The invention discloses a plant photosynthesis promoter, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 10 percent of 5-aminolevulinic acid and salts thereof, 0.05 to 1 percent of triacontanol, 70 to 95 percent of potash fertilizer, 1 to 10 percent of cyclodextrin, 0.5 to 5 percent of wetting spreader, and 0.1 to 5 percent of UV protective agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: A, adding triacontanol crystals and water in a weight ratio of 1:100-200 into a reactor, heating to the temperature of between 90 and 100 DEG C, adding the cyclodextrin with high-speed stirring, continuously stirring for 10 to 20 minutes, and performing spray drying on the mixed solution to obtain triacontanol emulsifiable powder; and B, crushing and grinding the triacontanol emulsifiable powder obtained by the step A, the 5-aminolevulinic acid and salts thereof, the potash fertilizer, the wetting spreader and the UV protective agent, sieving by using a 20-meshsieve, and mixing uniformly to obtain the finished product. The plant photosynthesis promoter can obviously improve the plant photosynthesis efficiency under the adverse conditions such as weak light, low temperature and dry heat, ensures the normal growth of the plants, and has the advantages of no pollution, no residue and no harm to human bodies and animals.