A dispersant for carbon nanotubes or
carbon nanotube compositions comprising the
reaction product of: (A) a maleated natural oil, including a natural oil having maleated functionality; and (B) at least one
lactam having at least one hydroxyl functionality. Further, the present application provides a dispersant for carbon nanotubes or
carbon nanotube compositions comprising the
reaction product of: (A) a maleated natural oil, including a natural oil having maleated functionality; (B) at least one
lactam having at least one hydroxyl functionality; and (C) a base. Further, the present application provides a dispersant for carbon nanotubes or
carbon nanotube compositions comprising the
reaction product of: (A) a maleated natural oil, including a natural oil having maleated functionality; (B) a
lactam moiety having at least one hydroxyl,
thiol, or amine functionality; (C) a functionalized or unfunctionalized
moiety selected from the group consisting of a
hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic
moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functionality has been partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety; and (D) an optional base. The dispersant for carbon nanotubes or carbon
nanotube compositions comprising the reaction product of a modified natural oil having a lactam moiety is used in
lithium ion or
sodium ion batteries.