The invention relates to the technical field of material storing and taking devices, in particular to an automatic material storing and taking device, which comprises an outer frame structure, a railportion, a material box, a material taking port, an overhead rail component arranged on the outer frame structure, a shelf portion arranged in the overhead rail component, and a stacker disposed on the rail portion. The rail portion is located at the end, corresponding to the rail portion, of the outer frame structure; the stacker is fixedly provided with a lifting device; and a fork device is fixed on the lifting device. The management cost and the cost of related supporting facilities are reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the closed storage space can realize the basic requirements, including light prevention, mildew prevention, insect prevention, rat prevention, dust prevention, theft prevention and fire prevention, of storage.