A nutrition assessment system comprises a plurality of handheld survey devices and a server, wherein an information processing circuit board is arranged in each handheld survey device. Each information processing circuit board comprises a controller, a display drive circuit, a key drive circuit, a microphone, a communication module, a memorizer, an editing processor, a statistics processor, an assessment processor, a GPS/GPRS module and a signature processor. The server comprises a controller, a communication module, a first memorizer, a second memorizer, a data processing module and an assessment processing module, wherein the communication module, the first memorizer, the second memorizer, the data processing module and the assessment processing module are connected with the controller. The nutrition assessment system can relieve human work intensity, is beneficial to improvement of work efficiency, can accurately locate the position where an investigator is located, enables an interviewee to conduct handwritten signature, can effectively monitor the investigator, improves the authenticity and accuracy of investigation, and provides personalized expert opinions and suggestions for the interviewee.