78results about How to "Flexible applicability" patented technology

This invention discloses one Ethernet protection method, which comprises the following steps: establishing protection relationship between first and second single boards and in normal situation for support business by first one; when first board end interface cannot work for normal and the second board is moved in, restoring second terminal data receive function and using linkage status control mechanism to trigger part end interface and to switch business of first board to second board. This invention uses linkage status mechanism to control terminal status and to control end work status or non work status.

The invention discloses a cationic functional fluorine-containing polymer and a preparation method thereof. The functional fluorine-containing polymer is a cationic functional fluorine-containing polymer prepared by the steps of: taking a fluorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functional monomer as copolymerization monomers, firstly polymerizing, in a water phase dispersion system, the copolymerization monomers into an active precursor polymer of which the main chain contains an atom transfer free radical polymerization active side group, then initiating a cationic functional monomer by using the active side group on a solid liquid interface to perform interface atom transfer free radical polymerization, and performing polymerization to form the cationic functional fluorine-containing polymer containing a cationic type side chain. The cationic type side chain contains quaternary ammonium salt type and quaternary phosphonium salt type groups, has a very strong charge positive electrical property, and enables the polymer to have very strong antibacterial performance, hydrophilic performance and anion exchange absorbing performance, and the polymer can be applied separately to preparation or together with other resin to blending preparation of a high-hydrophilicity antibacterial separation membrane product, a gel electrolyte, an adhesive, a battery diaphragm, an anion exchange adsorbing material and an antibacterial coating, so that the application range of vinyl chloride type polymers is greatly broadened; and in comparison with an existing material, the polymer is good in hydrophilicity, is antibacterial, and is good in application prospect.

The invention discloses a cationic functional vinyl chloride polymer and a preparation method thereof. The functional vinyl chloride polymer is a cationic functional vinyl chloride polymer prepared by the steps of: taking a chlorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functional monomer as copolymerization monomers, firstly polymerizing, in a water phase dispersion system, the copolymerization monomers into an active precursor polymer of which the main chain contains an atom transfer free radical polymerization active side group, then initiating a cationic functional monomer by using the active side group on a solid liquid interface to perform interface atom transfer free radical polymerization, and performing polymerization to form the cationic functional vinyl chloride polymer containing a cationic type side chain. The cationic type side chain contains quaternary ammonium salt type and quaternary phosphonium salt type groups, has a very strong charge positive electrical property, and enables the polymer to have very strong antibacterial performance, hydrophilic performance and anion exchange absorbing performance, and the polymer can be applied separately to preparation or together with other resin to blending preparation of a high-hydrophilicity antibacterial separation membrane product, a battery diaphragm, an anion exchange adsorbing material and an antibacterial coating, so that the application range of vinyl chloride type polymers is greatly broadened; and in comparison with an existing material, the polymer is good in hydrophilicity, is antibacterial, and is good in application prospect.

The invention provides a vehicle practical gasoline consumption and mileage detecting system and the detecting method, which is used for detecting automatically and analyzing the gasoline consumption and driving mileage and temperature. The detecting system comprises a main control module, used for collecting and sorting data, data communicating and finishing automatic control logic; a gasoline consumption detecting sub-system, using the electromechanical automatic control component to conduct practical gasoline detecting; a driving mileage detecting sub-system, calculating out the practical driving mileage of vehicle and current speed through counting the turning circle of main axle of gear-box; a temperature detecting sub-system installed at the position assigned by user; a display module, used for counting the data including driving mileage, gasoline consumption and the tested temperature during the driving process of vehicle, and display the data to the driver through LED. The system has simple structure and high detecting precision, which can finish detecting work automatically and quickly. The whole process doesn't need the third party to interfere in, thus the applicability is high.

The invention provides an elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, and a preparation method of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. The elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape utilize a technology that a main body material structure reacts with water to generate a gas causing volume expansion, so that the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape have elasticity; the limitation of a traditional foam tape is broken through, the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape can have good buffering performance and compressibility without using foam as a base material, and are superior to a foam adhesive tape inthe aspect of die cutting stability; and the thickness, the viscosity and the compressibility of the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape can be customized according to actual application requirements, so the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the elastic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape have very flexible practicability.

The invention relates to a tension compression type self-reset and anti-buckling energy dissipation bracing. The tension compression type self-reset and anti-buckling energy dissipation bracing comprises a hinged supporting seat, a connecting plate, a memory alloy bar, an anti-buckling steel sleeve and a steel plate rubber supporting seat. The memory alloy bar is arranged in the anti-buckling steel sleeve, one end of the memory alloy bar is connected with the connecting plate, the other end of the memory alloy bar is a movable end, and the movable end is subjected to the tensile limit of the anti-buckling steel sleeve. The end of the anti-buckling steel sleeve is connected with the connecting plate by the steel plate rubber supporting seat, and subjected to the extrusion limit of the connecting plate. The hinged supporting seat is hinged to the connecting plate. The tension compression type self-reset and anti-buckling energy dissipation bracing combines the self-reset characteristic of the large diameter shape memory alloy bar under large deformation at the time of pulling, the self-reset characteristic of the steel plate rubber supporting seat under large deformation when pressed, and the anti-buckling performance of a restrained steel tube unit located at the outer portion of the anti-buckling bracing to form the novel anti-buckling bracing which has good self-reset performance and energy dissipation characteristic when pulled and pressed.

The invention provides an electric lens focusing method and device. The method comprises the steps of controlling a lens motor to move back and forth in near-focus and far-focus two directions; obtaining a plurality of first focusing evaluation values for each direction, recording the first focusing evaluation values obtained in the current direction and determining a focusing clear point direction according to the plurality of first focusing evaluation values; determining a first threshold according to the first focusing evaluation values; controlling the lens motor to move one step towards the focusing clear point direction and obtaining a second focusing evaluation value; if the currently obtained second focusing evaluation value exceeds the first threshold and the currently obtained second focusing evaluation value is smaller than a previously obtained second focusing evaluation value, controlling the lens motor to reach a focusing clear point position according to the first focusing evaluation values, the first threshold and all second focusing evaluation values; otherwise, further carrying out the process of controlling the lens motor to move one step towards the focusing clear point direction. By the electric lens focusing method and device, automatic focusing can be achieved; and the problem that a DC motor lens does not support obtaining the position of the lens motor is solved.

The invention discloses a tertiary amine derivative type chlorine-containing amphiphilic polymer and a separation membrane prepared from the polymer. The tertiary amine derivative type chlorine-containing amphiphilic copolymer is formed by polymerizing chlorine-containing macromolecules as a dispersing agent, a small molecule ester as a solubilizer and a chlorine-containing monomer and a tertiaryamine derivative type hydrophilic monomer as raw materials through a free radical suspension polymerization method, wherein the chlorine-containing macromolecular dispersing agent is obtained by carrying out solution copolymerization on a chlorine-containing monomer and a tertiary amine derivative type hydrophilic monomer in an organic solvent. According to the invention, the chlorine-containing macromolecular dispersing agent is adopted and has excellent dispersing effect on chlorine-containing monomers, and the small molecule ester solubilizer can improve the intermiscibility of hydrophilicmonomers and chlorine monomers, so that the high-hydrophilicity chlorine-containing amphiphilic copolymer can be prepared; the tertiary amine derivative type chlorine-containing copolymer can be independently used for preparing a separation membrane or can be blended with other resins to prepare separation membranes; and compared with the existing chlorine-containing separation membrane material,the tertiary amine derivative type chlorine-containing copolymer is good in hydrophilicity, pollution-resistant, low in cost and good in application prospect.

The invention discloses a nonionic functional fluorine-containing polymer and a preparation method thereof. The functional fluorine-containing polymer is a nonionic functional fluorine-containing polymer prepared by the steps of: taking a fluorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functional monomer as copolymerization monomers, firstly polymerizing, in a water phase dispersion system, the copolymerization monomers into an active precursor polymer of which the main chain contains an atom transfer free radical polymerization active side group, then initiating a nonionic functional monomer by using the active side group on a solid liquid interface to perform interface atom transfer free radical polymerization, and performing polymerization to form the nonionic functional fluorine-containing polymer containing a nonionic side chain. The nonionic functional fluorine-containing polymer prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has a high functional monomer content and good hydrophilicity, can be applied separately to preparation or together with other resin to blending preparation of a high-hydrophilicity separation membrane, a battery diaphragm, a biological medical material, a coating, a bonding material and a flexible easy-printing packing material, and in comparison with an existing material, is good in hydrophilicity, low in cost, and good in application prospect.

The invention discloses an anionic functionalized fluorine-containing polymer and a preparation method thereof. The functionalized fluorine-containing polymer is prepared through the following steps: subjecting a chlorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functionalized monomer as copolymerization monomers to polymerization in an aqueous-phase dispersion system so as to obtain an active precursor polymer with a main chain containing an active side group for atom transfer radical polymerization, initiating an anionic functionalized polymer to interface atom transfer radical polymerization on a solid-liquid interface in an alkaline environment by utilizing the active side group so as to form the anionic functionalized fluorine-containing polymer containing an anionic type side chain. According to the invention, the anionic type side chain contains sulfonic groups and carboxylic groups and has strong electronegativity, so the polymer has strong hydrophilic performance and cation exchange adsorption performance, can be independently used for preparation or is mixed with other resins for preparation of highly-hydrophilic separating membrane products, gel electrolytes, adhesives, battery separators, cation exchange adsorption materials and flexible packaging materials, greatly broadens the application scope of vinyl chloride polymers, and has good application prospects.

The invention discloses an active equalizing system for a multi-path energy transmission battery. The active equalizing system for the multi-path energy transmission battery comprises a total battery pack, an equalizing power supply unit, a battery equalizing module, an energy buffer module and an equalizing system host; the total battery pack is concatenated by more than one battery blocks and electrically connected with the battery equalizing module; one end of the equalizing power supply unit is electrically connected with the equalizing system host and the battery equalizing module respectively, and the other end is electrically connected to the battery pack; each battery equalizing module is electrically connected with the energy buffer module; the energy buffer module is an energy buffer device assisting the battery equalizing module, and the energy buffer module is connected to each battery equalizing module electrically; the equalizing system host analyzes, processes and displays the information sent by each battery equalizing module through the CAN bus, and controls the control strategy of each battery equalizing module. According to the invention, the structure design of the active equalizing system for the multi-path energy transmission battery is simple and reasonable, the cost is reduced, the stability of the system is improved, the inconsistency of the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery is extended.

An apparatus for a rapid measurement of temperatures in a hot gas flow, in particular in a gas turbine. The apparatus includes a sensor having two two-dimensional, electrically conductive heating elements, which are attached to the surface of a common, electrically insulating sensor body.

The invention discloses a general development platform for a radar health management system, a radar health management system and an implementation method thereof. The general development platform comprises a platform management module which is used for achieving the login and authority management of the general development platform, a platform configuration module for realizing internal configuration, including configuration of a radar structure tree, configuration of an algorithm library, configuration of a data file and configuration of a communication protocol, of the general development platform, and a system configuration module for realizing configuration, including algorithm and radar structure tree configuration and algorithm and data file configuration, of a radar health management system. According to the invention, different radar health management systems can adopt the model and algorithm data processing module based on the same general development platform by using the general development platform, so that the development cost of the system is saved, and the maintenance and upgrading of the system in use are simpler and more feasible.

The invention discloses a phenol-ammonia-semi-coke wastewater treatment device and a treatment method. The device comprises an oil separator, a plurality of extraction towers, a deacidification tower,a water tower, a deamination tower, an extraction agent circulating tank and a phenol tower. Organic matters and impurities such as oil, dust, phenol and the like in the phenol-ammonia raw material wastewater are removed by adopting an oil remover and an extraction oil removal method, so that the problems of device and equipment blockage, unqualified recovered product indexes, substandard effluent and the like in the traditional semi-coke phenol-ammonia wastewater treatment process are solved.

The invention provides an ultrathin light emitting diode (LED) light source plate and a packaging method thereof. The packaging method comprises the following steps of: designing a circuit on a circuit board, cleaning the circuit board, welding an LED light source and an electronic component on the circuit board, testing, laying an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) glue film, laying a cover plate, laminating, trimming, curing and testing. The ultrathin LED light source plate packaged by the method is characterized by being provided with the circuit board, wherein the LED light source and the electronic component are welded on the circuit board; the glue film is laid on the circuit board; the cover plate is laid on the glue film; and the circuit board, the glue film and the cover plate are laminated to form a whole. The glue film and the cover plate are laid in turn, and a laminating process is applied to the packaging of the LED light source plate, so that the LED light source plate which has higher reliability, smaller thickness, lighter weight, lower cost and more flexible applicability can be obtained.

The invention discloses a crosslinkable fluorine-containing macromolecular emulsifier, a fluorine-containing emulsion containing the emulsifier, and preparation and application methods thereof. The macromolecular emulsifier is prepared through solution copolymerization of a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer and a crosslinkable hydrophilic monomer in an organic solution, wherein the prepared polymer solution generates a saloid emulsifier under effect of a volatile acid, and finally a fluorine-containing monomer and a copolymerization monomer are emulsified to prepare the fluorine-containing emulsion. In the invention, the macromolecular emulsifier is produced through connection of a hydrophobic fluorine-containing side-chain and the hydrophilic group, wherein the macromolecular emulsifier has excellent emulsification effect on the fluorine-containing monomer, so that the prepared fluorine-containing emulsion is very stable. The fluorine-containing emulsion can be mixed, diluted and immersed in multi-polyurethane / epoxy and the surface of a to-be-treated object is coated with the emulsion in a manner of smearing and then high temperature drying; at high temperature, the saloid groupsin the emulsifier can form high-reaction activity carboxyl or amino groups, which are then reacted with isocyanate and epoxy group, thus converting the hydrophilic group into hydrophobic group. The emulsion has excellent waterproof performance and has great application prospect.

The invention provides a robot teaching recording system which is efficient, high in applicability, speedy and low in cost, and has few parts, provides a teaching method based on the system, and belongs to the field of robot teaching. The system comprises optical beacons, an IMU sensor, a camera, a data fusion calculation unit and a robot control cabinet, wherein the robot control cabinet is a control driving unit for a robot and receives data or files output by the IMU sensor and a visual fusion calculation unit; the camera is used for acquiring the positions of the beacons; IMU data are fused by the data fusion calculation unit; and the positions, speeds and accelerated speeds of the optical beacons and process actions at corresponding positions are output in a fused manner finally by the data fusion calculation unit. The provided teaching system and method can be applied to following occasions: teaching actions and process can be finished by teaching workers, robot sensors do not require to be added or a mechanical structure does not need to be changed, and a robot system only needs to receive external commands or external files.

The invention relates to an automatic line-loading device for assembling frames of direct current converter valves. The automatic line-loading device for assembling the frames is applied to a converter valve production line and comprises a rectangular frame body supported by multiple supporting insulators perpendicular to the ground. The automatic line-loading device is characterized in that an automatic conveying line body A (1) and an automatic conveying line body B (2) are arranged at the two sides of the frame body in a parallel manner; a converter valve module frame (7) is erected on the automatic conveying line body A (1) and the automatic conveying line body B (2) through positioning devices (5); and a height adjusting device (3), a control system (6) and an emergency stop switch (8) are mounted below a cuboid formed by the automatic conveying line body A (1) and the automatic conveying line body B (2). By means of the automatic line-loading device for assembling the frames of the direct current converter valves, the module frame assembling process flow is simplified, assembling difficulty is effectively lowered, and assembling precision and assembling efficiency are improved; and meanwhile, the device has the beneficial effects of being high in flexibility, great in adaptability and the like.

The invention discloses an anion functionalized vinyl chloride polymer and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, a chlorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functional monomer are adopted as copolymerization monomers; an active precursor polymer containing side group with atom transfer radical polymerization activity on the main chain is synthesized by polymerization in an aqueous dispersed phase; in an alkaline environment, on a solid-liquid interface, the active side group initiates anion functionalization monomers to perform interfacial atom transfer radical polymerization; through the polymerization, the anion functionalized vinyl chloride polymer containing anionic side chain is formed. The anionic side chain contains sulfonic acid and carboxylic acid groups, and have high negative charge performance, such that the polymer has high hydrophilic property and cation exchange adsorption property. Therefore, the polymer can be independently used, or blended with other resins, for preparing high-hydrophilicity separation membrane products, battery separation membranes, cation exchange adsorption materials, flexible packaging materials, and the like. Therefore, the application range of vinyl chloride polymers is greatly expanded. The polymer and the method have a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a nonionic functional vinyl chloride polymer and a preparation method thereof. The functional vinyl chloride polymer is a nonionic functional vinyl chloride polymer prepared by the steps of: taking a fluorine-containing monomer, a graftable active monomer and a hydrophilic functional monomer as copolymerization monomers, firstly polymerizing, in a water phase dispersion system, the copolymerization monomers into an active precursor polymer of which the main chain contains an atom transfer free radical polymerization active side group, then initiating a nonionic functional monomer by using the active side group on a solid liquid interface to perform interface atom transfer free radical polymerization, and performing polymerization to form the nonionic functional vinyl chloride polymer containing a nonionic side chain. The nonionic functional vinyl chloride polymer prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has a high functional monomer content and good hydrophilicity, can be applied separately to preparation or together with other resin to blending preparation of a high-hydrophilicity separation membrane, a battery diaphragm, a biological medical material, a coating, a bonding material and a flexible easy-printing packing material, and in comparison with an existing material, the polymer is good in hydrophilicity, low in cost, and good in application prospect.

The invention provides a pedestrian re-identification method and system based on neighborhood collaborative attention, a medium and a terminal. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out preliminary processing on an obtained pedestrian image to generate a to-be-identified pedestrian image after preliminary processing; carrying out feature reasoning on the to-be-identified pedestrian image to obtain a first vector feature of a to-be-identified pedestrian on the to-be-identified pedestrian image; performing feature reasoning on the target pedestrian image to obtain a second vector feature of the target pedestrian on the target pedestrian image; calculating the similarity between the first vector feature and the second vector feature, so as to achieve the pedestrian re-recognitionof the to-be-recognized pedestrian according to the similarity; according to the pedestrian re-identification method, the overall characteristics of the image and the characteristics of the local area are integrated, and the neighborhood local characteristics of different scales are combined through the context neighborhood relation of the local characteristics, so that the local detail characteristics of different scales of pedestrians are better noticed, the images of the same pedestrian are accurately matched, and the pedestrian re-identification precision is improved.

An apparatus for a rapid measurement of temperatures in a hot gas flow, in particular in a gas turbine. The apparatus includes a sensor having two two-dimensional, electrically conductive heating elements, which are attached to the surface of a common, electrically insulating sensor body.

The invention discloses a self-cross-linked fluorine-containing macromolecular emulsifier, a fluorine-containing emulsion comprising the emulsifier as well as a preparation method and application method thereof. The self-cross-linked fluorine-containing macromolecular emulsifier is prepared from fluorine-containing vinyl monomers and self-cross-linkable hydrophilic monomers in an organic solvent by virtue of a solution co-polymerization way, and then the polymer solution is used as an emulsifier to emulsify the fluorine-containing monomers and the copolymer monomers to obtain the fluorine-containing emulsion. The fluorine-containing macromolecular emulsifier is prepared by adopting a connecting method of a hydrophobic fluorine-containing side chain and a hydrophilic group, the emulsification effect for the fluorine-containing monomers is excellent, and the prepared fluorine-containing emulsion is extremely stable. The fluorine-containing emulsion of the invention can be smeared onto the surface of a treated substance by virtue of an immersion, smearing and high-temperature drying treatment method, the hydrophilic group in the emulsifier can be self-cross-linked at a high temperature to eliminate the hydrophilic influence, the waterproof performance is excellent, and the application prospect is good.

A form-adaptable electrode structure in layer construction includes at least two conductor layers, between which an insulating layer is disposed, the conductor layers having first and second electrode strips arranged in each case in parallel, and the electrode strips of the first conductor layer being arranged at an angle with respect to the electrode strips of the second conductor layer, so that a net-like structure is formed, and the first electrode strips of the first conductor layer being conductively interconnected with the first electrode strips of the second conductor layer, and the second electrode strips of the first conductor layer being conductively interconnected with the second electrode strips of the second conductor layer via the insulating layer at intersections of the net-like structure.

The invention discloses an anionic chlorine-containing amphiphilic polymer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anionic chlorine-containing amphiphilic copolymer is formed by polymerizing chlorine-containing macromolecules as a dispersing agent, a small molecular ester as a solubilizer, and a chlorine-containing monomer and other anionic hydrophilic monomers as raw materials through a free radical suspension polymerization method, wherein the chlorine-containing macromolecular dispersing agent is obtained by carrying out solution copolymerization on a chlorine-containing ethyl monomerand an anionic hydrophilic monomer in an organic solvent. According to the invention, the chlorine-containing macromolecular dispersing agent has excellent dispersing effect on chlorine-containing monomers, and the small molecular ester solubilizer can increase the intermiscibility of hydrophilic monomers and chlorine monomers, so that the high-hydrophilicity chlorine-containing amphiphilic copolymer can be prepared; the anionic chlorine-containing amphiphilic polymer can be independently used for preparing a high-hydrophilicity separation membrane, a battery diaphragm material and the like or can be blended with other resins to prepare a high-hydrophilicity separation membrane, a battery diaphragm material and the like; and compared with the existing chlorine-containing separation membrane material, the anionic chlorine-containing amphiphilic polymer is good in hydrophilicity, capable of bringing lithium ions, good in cationic adsorbability, low in cost and good in application prospect.

The invention discloses a universal platform-based real-time controller for multi-layer conjugate adaptive optics. The controller is a parallel processing hardware platform architecture provided for the multi-layer conjugate adaptive optics. The real-time controller is a control core of a multi-layer conjugate adaptive optical system and completes the image acquisition and preprocessing of a large-view-field Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, the slope calculation of sub-aperture images, slope interpolation, wavefront restoration, wavefront control, voltage output and other functions. Accordingto the real-time controller of the invention, a universal multi-core CPU is used as a computing platform; a non-real-time system is transformed into a real-time system on a Linux operating system; multiple parallel acceleration means are adopted; and therefore, the requirement of the real-time controller for the multi-layer conjugate adaptive optical system for real-time performance of 2000 Hz orabove is met. The real-time controller is suitable for the field of adaptive optics, and is of great significance to the engineering implementation of the multi-layer conjugate adaptive optical technology.

The semiconductor test system comprises a test device 10 for testing semiconductor devices including redundant circuits to obtain fail information of defective parts of the semiconductor devices; a redundant remedy judging device 14 which includes fail memories 36a-36d for storing the fail information, and a redundant remedy judging unit 40 for judging based on the fail information stored in the fail memories 36a-36d as to whether or not the redundant remedy for replacing the defective parts of the semiconductor devices with the redundant circuits can be made, and which is provided independent of the test device 10, wherein the test device 10 and the redundant remedy judging device 14 are interconnected with each other via a network 12, and fail information is transmitted from the test device 10 to the redundant remedy judging device 14.

The invention discloses a preparation method of powder containing nano-antibacterial elements. According to the preparation method, a clad layer or particles of the nano-antibacterial elements are deposited on powder by adopting a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Preferably, a discontinuous clad layer or particles of nano-silver and / or nano-copper are deposited on stainless steel powder through an ion plating method, wherein a roller externally connected with a negative electrode of a bias power supply is arranged in a vacuum coating cabin, the stainless steel powder is contained in the roller, the roller is rotated, and the stainless steel powder located at the bottom of the roller is turned without stop; and at least one magnetron sputtering target is arranged above the stainless steel powder to sputter nano-silver and / or nano-copper particles downwards towards the turned stainless steel powder, and the stainless steel powder, which a discontinuous plating layer or particles of nano-silver or nano-copper or nano-silver-copper adhere to, is generated. The preparation method is simple in process and low in cost.