The invention provides colloid palladium activation solution which comprises colloid palladium, sodium chloride, glyoxylic acid, hydrochloric acid, stannous chloride and stabilizer for stabilizing the stannous chloride, wherein the glyoxylic acid has strong reducibility and can avoid that divalent tin ions in the activation solution are oxidized, and prolong the service life of the action solution; simultaneously, the glyoxylic acid is adsorbed on the periphery of colloid palladium particles, thereby leading the dispersion of the colloid palladium to be more uniform, avoiding the gel coagulation among the colloid particles and enhancing the activity of the activation solution. The invention provides a preparation method of the colloid palladium, and the process is simple. In addition, the adoption of the colloid palladium activation solution for activating the surface of a non-metal substrate can firstly adsorb the glyoxylic acid in the activation solution on the surface of the non-metal substrate, enhance the bonding force between the colloid palladium particles and the non-metal substrate, leading a plated coating after chemical plating to have uniform thickness and flat surface, and leading the adhesion between the plated coating and the substrate to be very high.