A high-efficiency and environment-friendly sewage treatment and filtration system, comprising a frame body, a water inlet device, a cleaning device, a first filter device, a second filter device, and a third filter device, and the frame body is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole , the third through hole, the slider, the water outlet pipe, the first valve, the water inlet device includes the water inlet pipe, the water pump, and the second valve, and the cleaning device includes the electric cylinder, the fixed block, the push rod, the moving rod, the moving frame, the positioning rod, Moving plate, bristle, first spring, the first filter device includes sponge block, first filter screen, support block, second spring, the second filter device includes inclined plate, limit block, second filter screen, third filter screen, The third filter device includes a first horizontal plate, a fourth filter net, a fifth filter net, a second horizontal plate, a connecting pipe, and a sixth filter net. The invention can quickly and effectively filter the sewage, has high filtration efficiency, and can prevent impurities in the sewage from clogging the filter net, so that the filtration can be carried out smoothly.