The invention discloses a multi-mode observing periscope. The novel periscope consists of a lens barrel 1, reflective mirrors 2 and 3, a beam splitter 4, openings 5, 6 and 7, light barriers 8 and 9, an attachment 10 and a telescope 11. According to different purposes, the periscope provided by the invention can realize the functions of forward and backward simultaneous observation of two persons, upward observation, telescopic observation and image correction. The multi-mode observing periscope has the characteristics of large visual range, a plurality of combinable modes, low difficulties in optic design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small volume, light weight, small rotation inertia, convenience and flexibility, can be used for monitoring and aiming at a target in military, can be used in industry and any other places where human eyes are needed but spatial multi-directional periscope, observation and aim cannot be performed directly, and also can be used as an optical teaching instrument.