The present invention discloses a method for synchronous positioning and mapping of a
mobile robot in an
underground space, which belongs to the fields of
mobile robot SLAM, unmanned driving, surveying and mapping, and underground
engineering. It adopts a scanning method combining axial motion and
circular motion to realize
point cloud acquisition, construct a three-dimensional
point cloud, and utilizes circular trajectory measurement IMU pre-integration to realize fine measurement of posture. It utilizes UWB
base station for global correction to eliminate cumulative errors. Binocular speckle
structured light is used to realize
point cloud picking in a low-illumination underground environment. Inter-frame point cloud coarse registration is realized by the posture fusion of circular trajectory measurement IMU and UWB
base station, and iterative optimization is realized according to the ICP iterative
algorithm to improve the accuracy of point cloud registration, and obtain a global space map and
robot positioning. The present invention is suitable for three-dimensional mapping and
robot positioning of underground narrow and long spaces such as underground caves, large
pipe galleries, underground
pipe galleries, and mine tunnels, and serves application scenarios such as unmanned construction operations.