The invention discloses an elastic skin distractor. The elastic skin distractor comprises a syringe needle and an elastic band, and also comprises a housing, an avoidance cavity, a wire avoidance duct, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp, a fixed shaft, a wheel disc, a spring, a gear clamping plate, a handle, a cover plate, an avoidance hole, a fixed sleeve and a screw. The elastic skin distractor is ingenious in structure has powerful functions. By adoption of the device, firstly, the elastic band can be tightened by simple operation according to the need, then, the continuous tightening effect can be achieved by a built-in spring mechanism, finally, the contractive effect of a patient wound can be increased, complications such as wound disunion or wound dehiscence which are caused by too large tension of the wound can be prevented, and the postoperative rehabilitation effect of the patient is ensured, thereby facilitating clinical promotion and application.