The invention relates to a snow melting or deicing system and a snow melting or deicing method for a satellite antenna. The snow melting or deicing system comprises heaters, a rain or snow sensor, a controller, temperature sensors, a temperature acquisition box and a power supply module; a thermal insulation plate is arranged on the back of a reflection surface of the satellite antenna, and the thermal insulation plate and the back of the reflection surface of the satellite antenna form a closed space; the heaters are uniformly arranged in the closed space along the circumference of the satellite antenna, and the sector where each heater is located is a heating channel; the temperature sensors are arranged in the heating channels, and the rain or snow sensor is arranged at the edge of the main reflection surface of the satellite antenna; the heaters and the rain or snow sensor are all connected with the controller, the temperature sensors are connected with the temperature acquisition box, the temperature acquisition box is connected with the controller, and the power supply module supplies power to the controller. By adopting the intelligent control technology, once rain or snow is detected, the system runs automatically, and raining or snowing is ended, the system stops automatically. The system and the method have the characteristics of simple control, high efficiency, good snow melting effect and the like.