The invention discloses a conveying belt cleaning device for a belt conveyer. The conveying belt cleaning device comprises a connection hanging bracket, a top water spraying system, an end part water spraying system, a compressed gas blowing-drying system, a carrier roller, a carrier roller rack, scraping knife systems, a mud collection box and the like. The conveying belt cleaning device disclosed by the invention is applicable to cleaning for a conveying belt of the belt conveyer, and in particular to an occasion with a high requirement on the cleanliness degree of the conveying belt of the belt conveyer and a high requirement on environmental protection. The device is installed on a return-stroke conveying belt of the belt conveyer, and on an inclined section or a horizontal section. A material adhesion force is reduced through the water spraying systems of the device, and materials adhered onto the conveying belt are effectively cleaned through the two scraping knife systems, so that material scattering of the belt conveyer on the way is reduced and even avoided, the environment of a plant is improved, and the workload of cleaners in the plant is reduced. The device has the advantages of being easy to install, low in member cost, easy to adjust, not provided with a drive component, convenient to maintain, long in service life, capable of prolonging the service life of the conveying belt, and the like.