Optical
system (1), comprising at least the following components: a
light source (2), a first optical device (3) for the directed emission of light from the
light source (2) via a transmitting light path (100) and for the directed reception of emitted light via a first receiving light path (101), a second optical device (4) for receiving emitted light in a directed manner via a second receiving light path (101'), wherein either the first or the second optical device (3, 4) is operable for receiving emitted light, a
detector (5, 5a, 5b) for detecting the received light and a
coupling device (10) for splitting the emitted light between the two optical devices (3, 4) according to a predefinable
coupling ratio and for forwarding received light from one of the two optical devices (3, 4) to the
detector (5, 5a, 5b).