The invention relates to a dependable computing unit based on a homemade TCM and an operation method thereof. The dependable computing unit comprises a mechanical structure layer, a platform hardware layer, a firmware layer, an operation system layer and a dependable software layer; the mechanical structure layer comprises a case, a heat dissipating system and a power source; the firmware layer comprises firmware; the operation system layer comprises an operation system; the platform hardware layer comprises a backboard, a computing unit module and a dependable code module; the dependable software layer comprises a dependable application module and a dependable computing supporting module. The dependable computing unit is complete in function, high in algorithm computing efficiency and large in concurrence work capacity; serving as the dependable computing unit, the unit can provide high-performance data encryption / decryption service for an information safety transmission system and serve as main code equipment and core member of a host data safety storage system, an identity authentication system and a symmetric and asymmetrical secret key management system, and has wide system application potentiality.