The invention discloses a transimpedance amplification circuit and a photoelectric
signal detection
system. The transimpedance amplification circuit is applied to a
photodiode and comprises a bootstrap input stage and a
capacitance feedback transimpedance amplification stage. The bootstrap input stage comprises a bootstrap
amplifier and a first
coupling capacitor; the in-phase input end of the bootstrap
amplifier is connected with the
cathode of the
photodiode, and the output end is connected with the
anode of the
photodiode through the first
coupling capacitor to form bootstrap feedback. The
capacitance feedback transimpedance amplification stage at least comprises a first-stage integral amplification circuit, and the input end of the first-stage integral amplification circuit is connected with the
cathode of the photodiode. According to the circuit, approximately equal-amplitude in-phase
voltage changes are generated at the two ends of a
parasitic capacitor of a photodiode through bootstrap feedback, the shunt effect of the
parasitic capacitor is effectively inhibited, and the
noise gain of a
system is reduced; and meanwhile, the integral amplification circuit directly performs high-bandwidth conversion on the current
signal, so that the high-speed
processing capability is guaranteed. According to the circuit,
noise performance is remarkably improved while
high bandwidth and high sampling rate are maintained, and collaborative optimization of
high bandwidth, high sampling rate and
low noise is achieved.