The invention provides a micro RNA group related to Th17 differentiation. The micro RNA group comprises micro RNA 4426, micro RNA 3615, micro RNA 106b, micro RNA 590 and micro RNA 573. The micro RNA changes remarkably in the Th17 differentiation process and can be used as Th17 control targets for preparing drugs for treating or preventing Th17-related diseases including lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, vasculitis, sicca syndromes, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, scleroderma, multiple sclerosis, malaria, solar dermatitis, eczema, leucoderma, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, diabetes, coronary heart diseases, hyperlipemia and the like. The micro RNA group is sensitive to hydroxychloroquine intervention and can serve as a sensitive index for judgment of the clinical effect of hydroxychloroquine, and the micro RNA is convenient to test clinically and can be rapidly used for judging the clinical effect of hydroxychloroquine.