The invention relates to a method for preparing a textured zinc oxide nanowire film, with a core-shell structure, growing on the surface of carbon fiber. The preparing method comprises the following steps of: removing a sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber or carbon fiber fabric, mixing zinc oxide powder and active carbon to obtain mixed zinc powder, feeding the mixed zinc powder as a growth source to a sealed tube type furnace, slowly vacuumizing, slowly introducing argon and oxygen mixed gas, heating to 850 DEG C, preserving the heat for 10min, then heating to 960 DEG C and preserving the heat for 30min, and then cooling, wherein the piezoelectric voltage of the zinc oxide film is educed through an electrode between the carbon fiber and the top of the zinc oxide, and the connection between the surface of the zinc oxide film and the electrode is of schottky connection. A device disclosed by the invention can be used as a gas pressure sensor or a pneumatic pressure nano engine of automobile/aircraft tyres. Besides, the device disclosed by the invention can also be used as a self-powered sensor for continuously monitoring pulse condition characteristic regions, such as pulse vibration frequency, pulse amplitude, and the like through a piezoelectric current change curve and provides a support for quantification representation of modern human body internet of things of traditional Chinese medicine.