183 results about "Principal direction" patented technology

Methods and apparatus are provided for projecting light carrying a data image. The apparatus comprises a first layer having regions of electrically alterable variable light transmittance adapted to form the data image, and a hollow cavity backlight having a light exiting surface coupled to the first layer and adapted to provide light to the first layer through the light exiting surface from one or more light emitters some of which point in a principal direction other than at right angles to the light exiting surface. In a preferred embodiment, LEDs are used as the light emitters and are preferably mounted on one or more printed circuit boards or other support tilted at non-zero angles with respect to the light exiting surface.

Described herein is a method and system for marker-less three-dimensional modelling, fitting and tracking of a skeletal representation of an object in a three-dimensional point cloud. In particular, it concerns the tracking of a human user skeletal representation with respect to time. The method comprises inputting a three-dimensional point cloud derived from a depth map; predetermining a set of control points representing the skeleton of the user, determining a start-up skeleton pose, obtaining an orthographic representation of the user 3D point cloud projected onto a grid by sampling the 3D point cloud with a predetermined static size, determining a set of curvature centres points approximating central axes of main parts of the user, determining the torso plane, and refining and / or defining the principal direction of the body. The method comprises then the step of performing iterative local and global fittings of the set of control points onto the user 3D point cloud and the associated data such as the curvature centre points, using topological and geometric constraints so that to track skeleton posture along the time. Stabilising the skeleton pose; resolving ambiguities; and providing a suitable output are then the last steps of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

An apparatus is controlled to detect locations of a plurality of objects on a touch surface of a panel. An input scanner arrangement introduces at least three beams of radiation into the panel for propagation by internal reflection, and sweeps the beams inside the panel across a sensing area, preferably in at least two different principal directions. At least one radiation detector is arranged to receive the beams from the input scanner arrangement while they are swept across the sensing area. A data processor is connected to the radiation detector(s) and operated to identify the locations based on an attenuation of the beams caused by the objects touching the touch surface within the sensing area, the attenuation being identifiable from an output signal of the radiation detector(s). Each output signal may be further processed to generate a transmission signal, by dividing the output signal by a background signal which represents the output signal without any object on the touch surface.

Methods and apparatus are provided for projecting light carrying a data image. The apparatus comprises a first layer having regions of electrically alterable variable light transmittance adapted to form the data image, and a hollow cavity backlight having a light exiting surface coupled to the first layer and adapted to provide light to the first layer through the light exiting surface from one or more light emitters some of which point in a principal direction other than at right angles to the light exiting surface. In a preferred embodiment, LEDs are used as the light emitters and are preferably mounted on one or more printed circuit boards or other support tilted at non-zero angles with respect to the light exiting surface.

Apparatus and methods according to some embodiments of the present invention use a graphical model, such as a Markov random field model, to represent principal driving directions within an environment. The model has a plurality of nodes representing spatial locations within the environment, and the principal direction for each node is determined probabilistically using linear features detected within an image of the environment. Apparatus and methods according to embodiments of the present invention can be used in improved autonomous navigation systems, such as robotic vehicles.

A monitoring device having a system and method for detecting deviations in nominal gait patterns is provided. The monitoring device is configured for at least partial insertion within an auditory canal of an individual. The system employed in the monitoring device is comprised of at least an accelerometer configured for measuring acceleration in three orthogonal directions aligned with the principal directions of the body. Gait features values are extracted from the measurements and continuously accumulated, thereby establishing the nominal gait pattern of the individual. Subsequent extractions of current gait features are compared to accumulated gait feature statistics to determine if a deviation in the established nominal gait pattern has been detected.

A lightweight fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite having an improved combination of flexural, impact, and heat distortion characteristics. The composite generally comprises a fiber reinforced thermoplastic core containing reinforcing fibers bonded together with a first thermoplastic resin in which the core has a first surface and a second surface and at least one first skin applied to the first surface. The first skin comprises one or more bi-directional continuous fiber tapes having a plurality of continuous fibers bonded together with one or more thermoplastic resins. The fibers in each first skin are arranged in a first principal direction and a second principal direction, with the fibers in each direction being aligned in a unidirectional orientation within the skin. The fiber reinforced composite of the invention includes embodiments wherein one or more tapes is utilized in which the bi-directional orientation of the continuous fiber tapes is present in at least one of the tapes, or is achieved through the use of two or more tapes having unidirectional continuous fibers. The invention is useful in the manufacture of automotive, rail, bus, marine, aerospace and construction articles in which the improved characteristics provide advantages over other materials utilized for such applications.

A fluidic micromixer comprises a plurality of fluid inlets in communication with a mixing chamber, the plurality of fluid inlets being adapted to introduce into the chamber a corresponding plurality of distinct fluid streams. The mixing chamber comprises at least one surface patterned to define hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions spaced apart along a principal direction of fluid flow within the chamber from the fluid inlets to a fluid outlet, the regions being adapted to induce fluid flow in a direction transverse to the principal direction of fluid flow to mix the fluid streams. At least one of the hydrophobic regions may comprise microstructures patterned on the at least one surface. Also disclosed are a method for fabricating the micromixer, a method of mixing a plurality of fluid streams by vortex mixing or instability mixing, and a system comprising the micromixer, fluid reservoirs and a pump for generating flow of fluids from the reservoirs to the micromixer.

Methods and structural defect detectors for detecting a structural defect in composites are presented. An exemplary method comprises forming a nanocomposite comprising a plurality of nanotubes mechanically aligned in a principal direction within a polymer matrix. A voltage is applied to the nanocomposite and a resistance of the nanocomposite is measured using the applied voltage to detect the structural defect. An exemplary structural defect detector comprises a nanocomposite comprising a plurality of mechanically aligned nanotubes within the polymer matrix, electrodes coupled to the nanocomposite, a voltage source for applying a voltage to the electrodes, and a resistance detector for measuring a resistance of the nanocomposite that allows identification of a structural defect. The plurality of nanotubes form a conducting percolating network of sensors.

The invention relates to the field of oil-gas field exploration and development, in particular to a fractured reservoir permeability tensor and anisotropy quantitative prediction method. On the basis of stress field numerical simulation, a static coordinate system and a dynamic coordinate system are integrated into a geodetic coordinate system by using the current occurrence of fractures, multiple groups of fracture permeability tensor quantitative prediction models are established, quantitative calculation formulas of the permeability principal direction and data are given, and the permeability of fractures in units in different directions is predicted by adjusting the rotation angle of the dynamic coordinate system. The fractured reservoir permeability tensor and anisotropy quantitative prediction method is based on strict mathematical algorithm derivation, a corresponding calculating program can be developed by using computer programming languages, fractured reservoir permeability tensor and anisotropy quantitative prediction is realized, the prediction cost is low, the operability is high, and the prediction result has certain guiding significance on determining the fault block permeability dominant direction, deploying and developing well patterns reasonably, and determining the spatial location relationship between an injection well and a producing well.

Apparatus and methods according to some embodiments of the present invention use a graphical model, such as a Markov random field model, to represent principal driving directions within an environment. The model has a plurality of nodes representing spatial locations within the environment, and the principal direction for each node is determined probabilistically using linear features detected within an image of the environment. Apparatus and methods according to embodiments of the present invention can be used in improved autonomous navigation systems, such as robotic vehicles.

The invention relates to a license number matching algorithm based on digital image processing. The license number matching algorithm based on the digital image processing comprises the following steps of: twice shooting a same license through shooting equipment to obtain two images, and carrying out scale space extreme value detection, accurate characteristic point position positioning, characteristic point principal direction determination and characteristic vector generation on the two images to obtain image characteristics; and then matching the characteristic vectors of the two images. The license number matching algorithm based on the digital image processing, which is disclosed by the invention, can still complete the matching and keep good stability and robustness under the conditions of scaling, rotation, brightness variation, affine transformation and noise influence through a particular experiment verification algorithm and is suitable for carrying out fast and accurate matching in a great number of characteristic databases.

The invention provides a three dimensional earth pressure testing device based on general earth pressure cells and a rhombic dodecahedron. According to the device, six general earth pressure cells are fixed onto six surfaces, of which the normal vector quantities are uncorrelated, of the rhombic dodecahedron, so that the three dimensional earth pressure testing device is formed; grooves used for accommodating earth pressure cells are arranged on the surfaces of the rhombic dodecahedron with uncorrelated normal direction vector quantities; a conducting wire hole leading to the centroid of the rhombic dodecahedron is formed in the center of each groove; a conducting wire converging hole leading to the centroid is formed in each surface center of the rhombic dodecahedron except the grooves, so that six conducting wire holes and the converging holes converge at the centroid; meanwhile, a method for assembly and compute the three dimensional earth pressure testing device is provided. The invention has the effect that the three dimensional earth pressure testing device obtain, through testing, three principal stress of the earth pressure in the principal directions with measuring accuracy of 1.22 Rho, the measuring accuracy of three shearing stress is 0.71 Rho, the average measuring accuracy is 0.965 Rho, the safety storage of the engineering construction is improved, and the health condition of the engineering in later period can be effectively evaluated.

An apparatus is controlled to detect locations of a plurality of objects on a touch surface of a panel. An input scanner arrangement introduces at least three beams of radiation into the panel for propagation by internal reflection, and sweeps the beams inside the panel across a sensing area, preferably in at least two different principal directions. At least one radiation detector is arranged to receive the beams from the input scanner arrangement while they are swept across the sensing area. A data processor is connected to the radiation detector(s) and operated to identify the locations based on an attenuation of the beams caused by the objects touching the touch surface within the sensing area, the attenuation being identifiable from an output signal of the radiation detector(s). Each output signal may be further processed to generate a transmission signal, by dividing the output signal by a background signal which represents the output signal without any object on the touch surface.

The invention relates to a method for measuring channels for assisting multi-dimensional antenna arrays in a user device of a wireless communication system. The method includes the following steps of confirming channel state information of an integral channel; conforming first precoding matrix instructions according to the channel state information; confirming second precoding matrix instructions according to the channel state information and the confirmed first precoding matrix instructions; and transmitting the confirmed first precoding matrix instructions and confirmed second precoding matrix instructions to a base station to feed back the measuring results of the channel state information, wherein the multiplication cross results of the code words pointed by the second precoding matrix instructions and the code words pointed by the first precoding matrix instructions correspond to principal direction information of the integral channel. By adopting the method for measuring the channels for assisting the multi-dimensional antenna arrays, the base station can recover accurate channel quality relative information.

1. Discharger. 2.1. The invention relates to a discharger for a flowable medium, comprising a discharge opening (112) on the one hand, and a medium container or a fastening device (114) for a medium container on the other hand, which are disposed at opposite ends of the discharger in mutual alignment along a principal direction of extent (102) of the discharger, and a pumping device (120) having a pumping chamber closed off on one side by a piston (124), the piston (124) being configured such that it is longitudinally movable along a pumping direction for the generation of a discharge pressure and the pumping direction forming approximately a right angle with the principal direction of extent (102). 2.2 According to the invention, the piston (124) is operatively connected to an actuating device (130) which can be manually pressed in in the pumping direction and which, in a delivery state of the discharger, is held by a securing element (150) in a pressed-in state in which the pumping chamber has a small volume. 2.3 The discharger according to the invention allows, in particular, an advantageous handling in connection with the assembly.

A method of generating normalized bitmap representation for the shape of a visual object for use in search / query / filtering applications segments an image into visual objects. The samples belonging to a visual object of interest are identified. The identified samples that form the largest connected blob are reduced to an un-normalized bitmap. The un-normalized bitmap is then normalized using the mean and covariance of the valid samples to generate the normalized bitmap representation having a standard height and having an orientation such that a principal direction is along a vertical direction. The normalized bitmap representation may be used with a query to search a database of images where the visual objects all have associated normalized bitmap representations. The query bitmap is normalized and matched to each normalized bitmap representation. The visual objects having the lowest mismatch values of their normalized bitmap representation with the query bitmap are identified as the objects of the search.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an integral turbine blade disc based on a SiC fiber ceramic matrix composite material, which is used for solving the technical problem of the poor practicability of the existing integral turbine blade disc preparation method. The technical scheme is as follows. Firstly, a plane polar coordinate weaving method is adopted to prepare a turbine blade discprefabricated body unit layer, so that continuous SiC fibers are arranged in two principal stress directions in the warp direction and the weft direction. Then Z-direction puncture, sewing and die pressing are adopted to finish the shaping of the prefabricated body. A BN interface layer is prepared on the surface of the SiC fiber of the prefabricated body by utilizing a chemical vapor infiltration method. The prefabricated body of the turbine disc is pre-densified by adopting a chemical vapor infiltration process. The turbine disc blade is processed by adopting a cubic boron nitride or diamond special cutter on a multi-axis numerical control machine tool. Finally, an anti-oxidation coating is prepared. As the prefabricated body is provided with the continuous SiC fibers in two main principal directions in the warp direction and the weft direction, the bearing performance of the integral turbine blade disc is improved, the preparation period of the integral turbine blade disc is shortened, and the practicability is good.

The invention provides a local image describing method based on an RGB-D sensor. The local image describing method comprises the following steps: calibrating parameters of the RGB-D sensor, and carrying out image pretreatment and local characteristic extraction on acquired RGB images and depth images; expressing the central point of the extracted local characteristics through three variables of space partitioning, grayness sequence marking and normal vector sequence marking; calculating out the scale value and the principal direction of characteristic points according to the data of the depth images in the central point of the local characteristics; building a three-dimensional histogram, unfolding the three-dimensional histogram and normalizing the three-dimensional histogram to be a one-dimensional vector which is a descriptor for the local characteristics. Compared with two-dimensional, three-dimensional and fusion descriptors, the method has the advantages of obvious lighting robustness and the scene changeable robustness. Based on depth scale invariance and rotating invariance, in the method provided by the invention, point cloud depth data is used for replacing estimation to the scale space of a Gauss pyramid, so that the speed is accelerated greatly.

The invention discloses a user behavior anomaly detection system and method based on principal component analysis, and belongs to the technical field of a computer. The system comprises a user behavior preprocessing module, a user behavior training module, a PCA module, a user behavior detection module and a user behavior anomaly processing module. The method comprises a user behavior training stage and a user behavior detection stage. The user behavior training stage is used for generating a user behavior anomaly threshold value. The user behavior detection stage is used for judging whether a real-time behavior is abnormal or not by employing the user behavior anomaly threshold value. According to the system and the method, the anomaly behavior of a user is detected by employing a PCA method,; the PCA is very sensitive to anomaly value change, the influence of the user behavior anomaly on a principal direction is very high, and therefore, a user behavior detection is more effective; no repeated operation exists in the detection process, therefore, the detection efficiency is improved, and the method is easy to realize; whether the real-time user behavior is abnormal or not is detected by employing the threshold value, and therefore, the detection is efficient and convenient.

The invention is used in the field of oil field logging technology, mainly resolving the defect of existent earth stress detection technology which has not any one non-destructive examination method. Said invention is characterized by that it includes the following steps: making cross dipole array acoustic log data undergo the process of angle rotation treatment, then obtaining two main time sequences, on said basis extracting flexural wave dispersion curves of two principal directions, utilizing data of n frequency points on the flexural wave dispersion curves of two principal polarization directions to create n equalities according to two formulae, in which said formulae can be obtained by inversion of well mode wave acoustic elastic equation, in which n is greater than or equal to 6, and atilizing resolution of sain n equalities so as to can obtain maximum main stress SH and minimum main stress Sh of formation.

A multidirectional audio decoder using an “adaptive” audio matrix derives at least one of a plurality of output audio signals from two or more directionally-encoded audio input signal streams (S1(α), S2(α), . . . SN(α), wherein α is the encoded angle of a source audio signal. Each output signal is associated with a principal direction β. In order to generate each output signal, a pair of intermediate signals (“antidominant” signals) are generated, constituting the antidominant signal for each of the two adjacent principal output directions of the decoder. The antidominant signal for any arbitrary principal (or “dominant”) direction is the combination of input signals having coefficients such that the combination goes to zero for that dominant direction. Amplitude control is applied to the two antidominant signals to deliver a pair of signals having substantially equal magnitudes that are additively or subtractively combined to provide the output audio signal associated with a principal direction. The pair of signals that are combined include passive matrix components. In an alternative embodiment, passive matrix components for the output signal are derived instead by applying the input audio signals to a passive matrix and by combining the passive matrix components with pairs of amplitude controlled versions of the antidominant signals that do not include passive matrix components. For sources from one direction at a time, there is little or no unwanted crosstalk into outputs that should be silent (ie., there is substantially no signal in outputs other than the two representing directions adjacent to the desired direction, except when the desired direction happens to correspond to that of an output, in which case there is a signal in substantially only that output).

A lighting device includes a housing, the housing comprising an opening. The lighting device also comprises a lens operably disposed in the opening, the lens having an outer viewable face and an opposed inner face, the lens comprising an integrally formed axially-extending light guide, the light guide comprising a light inlet end, a light outlet comprising a portion of the outer viewable face, and a light transmission portion, the light transmission portion comprising a light reflecting structure disposed on the inner face. The lighting device also includes a light source, the light guide configured to receive light rays from the light source into the light inlet end, transmit the rays via internal reflectance along light transmission portion to the light reflecting structures where they are reflected outwardly away from the lighting device in a principal direction through the outer viewable face.

The invention relates to an estimation method of scattered point cloud data differential geometric senses, which comprises the following three parts of: estimating an initial normal vector for each point in point cloud data according to the position distributing situation of points in an adjacent field, and carrying out unitization on the initial normal vector of each point; carrying out normal fitting on the initial normal vectors, and computing the normal partial derivative of scattered point cloud at each point; and computing the second-order differential quantities such as the maximum principal curvature, the minimum principal curvature, the principal direction, the Gaussian curvature, the mean curvature and the like of the scattered point cloud at each point through the unitized initial normal vectors and the normal partial derivative. Aiming at the scattered point cloud data with strong noise, the invention can accurately estimate various differential geometric senses of each point and has important application value in computer graphics and computer visual adjacent fields.

A plastic optical element being configured to collect and scan a beam emitted from at least one light source section, and including a transfer surface which extends in a principal direction corresponding to a scanning direction of the beam and has a curved surface formed to extend into a circular-arc shape in a secondary direction perpendicular to the principal scanning direction, the transfer surface having an optical aids disposed to shift from an outer center of the transfer surface in the secondary scanning direction, and a center of curvature of the curved surface being disposed on the optical axis.

The invention discloses an SAR (specific absorption rate) image registration method based on straight lines and area, and mainly solves the problems of poor registering effect and high calculating complexity in the prior art. The SAR image registration method including the implementing steps of (1) inputting two SAR images and detecting straight lines in the two images through Hough conversion; (2), grouping the detected straight lines according to slope to acquire principal directions of the two SAR images, and calculating rotary parameter; (3), processing standard images and rotated images to be registered by the aid of an optical threshold segmentation method and through morphology corrosion and expansion to acquire a closed area; (4), utilizing an area centroid to calculate translation parameters; and (5), coinciding the standard images and the translationally rotated images to be registered to finish registration. The SAR image registration method based on the straight lines and area has the advantages that the SAR image registration method has small noise effect on registration of SAR images, is stable in SAR image segmentation results in a small water area and good in registration effect, high in speed and low in calculating complexity, and can be used for mode recognition, automatic navigation, computer vision and remote sensing image processing.

Methods and structural defect detectors for detecting a structural defect in composites are presented. An exemplary method includes forming a nanocomposite including a plurality of nanotubes mechanically aligned in a principal direction within a polymer matrix. A voltage is applied to the nanocomposite and a resistance of the nanocomposite is measured using the applied voltage to detect the structural defect. An exemplary structural defect detector includes a nanocomposite including a plurality of mechanically aligned nanotubes within the polymer matrix, electrodes coupled to the nanocomposite, a voltage source for applying a voltage to the electrodes, and a resistance detector for measuring a resistance of the nanocomposite that allows identification of a structural defect. The plurality of nanotubes form a conducting percolating network of sensors.