28 results about "Sensor plane" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of parking lot positioning, in particular to a vehicle positioning management system in a parking lot based on dynamic weight multi-sensor fusion. Comprising a multi-source sensor data acquisition unit; an environment entropy perception and weight pre-adjustment unit; a reinforcement learning weight optimization unit; and an edge end vehicle positioning management unit. According to the method, an image histogram entropy value and a UWB signal RSSI fluctuation variance are calculated in real time through a heterogeneous sensor array in combination with an environment entropy perception and weight pre-adjustment unit, meanwhile, a space correlation matrix is constructed through sensor plane coordinate mapping, and interference space correlation characteristics are extracted. Based on reinforcement learning, a causal correlation model of an environmental entropy change rate, interference characteristics and sensor failure time is established, a sensor failure window can be predicted in advance, the weight of each sensor accessing a fusion filter is dynamically adjusted, and the problems of environmental influence perception deficiency, sensor correlation analysis and failure pre-judgment are solved.

The application provides a geometric solution method of key parameters of a forward-looking terrain of an exoskeleton, and through unified space-time coordinate, double-sensor plane fitting, swing-phase dynamic scanning solution, multi-step fusion verification, low-cost, high-precision and high-robustness terrain parameter solution is realized, and the exoskeleton embedded real-time control requirement is perfectly adapted.

According to an example embodiment, an optical sensor apparatus (110) for determining at least one characteristic of a surface of an object (180) positioned within a measurement range is provided, the sensor apparatus (100) comprising: an illumination assembly (120) comprising one or more light sources (121, 121-k) arranged to emit light towards the measurement range through a light-collecting optical assembly, wherein the emitted light covers a predefined range of wavelengths and wherein the one or more light sources are arranged to form respective one or more light emitting area patterns of predefined lateral shape; a first optical assembly (140) arranged to longitudinally disperse the light emitted from the illumination assembly (120) such that light across the predefined range of wavelengths in each of the one or more light emitting area patterns is focused at a respective range of focus distances that constitutes a corresponding sub-range of candidate distances within the measurement range; a beam splitter (130) arranged to transmit the light emitted from the illumination assembly (120) towards the first optical assembly (140) and to fold the light reflected from the surface of the object (180) received through the first optical assembly (140); a second optical assembly (150) arranged to receive the folded light across the predefined range of wavelengths, to laterally disperse the received light across the predefined range of wavelengths and to focus the light across the predefined range of wavelengths at a predefined distance; a light sensor assembly (160) having a sensor plane arranged at the predefined distance to receive the laterally dispersed light across the predefined range of wavelengths such that the light originating from the one or more light emitting area patterns is received at respective one or more corresponding sub-ranges of positions along an axis (y′) on the sensor plane; and a detector assembly (170) arranged to determine the at least one characteristic of said surface of said object (180) based on the laterally dispersed light received across said one or more sub-ranges of positions along said axis (y′) on the sensor plane.

The invention relates to a telecentric lens (100; 100a; 100b; 100c) comprising a lens body (20) extending along an optical axis (X). The lens body (20) is provided with a front optical group (2), a rear optical group (5), a stop (4), a sensor plane (6) and a liquid lens (3). The front optical group (2) is configured to receive incoming light rays (R i ) originating from an object (1). The rear optical group (5) is configured to receive light rays (R j ) from the front optical group (2). The stop (4) is arranged between the front optical group (2) and the rear optical group (5). The sensor plane (6) is configured to collect outgoing light rays (R z ) projected by the rear optical group (5). The stop (4) is substantially arranged at a focal point of the front optical group (2). Furthermore, the liquid lens (3) is arranged between the front optical group (2) and the rear optical group (5). The curvature of the liquid lens (3) can be adjusted to translate a focal plane of the object (1) along the optical axis (X).

Systems and methods of determining a hologram of an image for a system comprising a display device and viewing system are disclosed. Some embodiments implement a multi-stage procedure comprising (i) determining a first complex light field at an entrance pupil of the viewing system, (ii) determining a second complex light field at a sensor plane of a sensor of the viewing system, (iii) determining a third complex light field at the entrance pupil, and (iv) determining a fourth complex light field at the display plane. Some embodiments include extracting a hologram from a data set corresponding to the fourth complex light field.

The invention relates to a microscope with a light source for emitting excitation light, an illumination beam path for directing the excitation light into a sample area, wherein the illumination beam path comprises a polarization manipulator for changing a polarization state of the excitation light, a phase plate for generating an illumination pattern, a cylindrical optic for generating an elongated distribution of the excitation light, a scanning unit for scanning the elongated distribution of the excitation light through the sample area, and an illumination objective for directing the excitation light into the sample area, a camera for capturing images of a sample, a detection beam path with a microscope objective for directing emission light onto the camera, and a control unit for controlling the scanning unit and / or the camera and for reading out measurement data from the camera.The microscope is characterized in that the camera is arranged in a non-scanned part of the detection beam path and that the control unit is configured to synchronize a location of a readout slit-shaped area in a sensor plane of the camera with a location of the elongated distribution of the excitation light in a plane of the sample. The invention also relates to a slide reader and a method for microscopy.

The present invention relates to an optical system (10) for acquiring images of a scene, comprising: - a first optical channel (12) for providing a first optical flow originating from the scene viewed from a first field of view, - a second optical channel (14) for providing a second optical flow originating from the scene viewed from a second field of view having a smaller dimension than the first field of view, - a polarising splitter (16) for recombining a portion of the first optical flow according to a first polarisation state with a portion of the second optical flow according to a second polarisation state in order to form a recombined optical flow, - a sensor (18) for capturing the recombined optical flow, and - an array of polarisers (20) positioned in the plane of the sensor (18).

A multi-channel infrared gas sensor including a beam splitter arrangement, which splits an infrared beam into four infrared partial beams, four bandpass filters and four infrared sensors, respectively one for each infrared partial beam at a first used signal wavelength. The directions of propagation of the four infrared partial beams differ from one another in pairwise fashion. A first and second infrared used signal sensor are arranged so that respective used signal sensor detection areas have a symmetric orientation with respect to a used signal sensor plane of symmetry situated between the detection areas. A first and second infrared reference signal sensor are arranged so that respective reference signal sensor detection areas have a symmetric orientation with respect to a reference signal sensor plane of symmetry situated between the reference signal sensor detection areas. No signal sensor detection area is orthogonal to its respective signal sensor plane of symmetry.

The technology relates to a flexible printed circuit board (PCB) that is incorporated into a steerable tip of an endoscope. The endoscope includes a working channel extending through the steerable tip; a foldable printed circuit board (PCB) extending at least partially around the working channel. The foldable PCB includes a planar sensor segment extending along a first plane, the sensor segment populated with at least one sensor; a planar camera segment extending along a second plane that is substantially orthogonal to the first plane and positioned distally from the sensor segment, the camera segment including an opening for the working channel and populated with a camera and at least one light source, wherein the planar camera segment is partially separated from the sensor segment by an aperture in the foldable PCB; and a bent arm extending between, and connecting, the sensor segment and the camera segment.

According to an example embodiment, an optical sensor apparatus (110) for determining at least one characteristic of a surface of an object (180) positioned within a measurement range is provided, the sensor apparatus (100) comprising: an illumination assembly (120) comprising one or more light sources (121, 121-k) arranged to emit light towards the measurement range through a light-collecting optical assembly, wherein the emitted light covers a predefined range of wavelengths and wherein the one or more light sources are arranged to form respective one or more light emitting area patterns of predefined lateral shape; a first optical assembly (140) arranged to longitudinally disperse the light emitted from the illumination assembly (120) such that light across the predefined range of wavelengths in each of the one or more light emitting area patterns is focused at a respective range of focus distances that constitutes a corresponding sub-range of candidate distances within the measurement range; a beam splitter (130) arranged to transmit the light emitted from the illumination assembly (120) towards the first optical assembly (140) and to fold the light reflected from the surface of the object (180) received through the first optical assembly (140); a second optical assembly (150) arranged to receive the folded light across the predefined range of wavelengths, to laterally disperse the received light across the predefined range of wavelengths and to focus the light across the predefined range of wavelengths at a predefined distance; a light sensor assembly (160) having a sensor plane arranged at the predefined distance to receive the laterally dispersed light across the predefined range of wavelengths such that the light originating from the one or more light emitting area patterns is received at respective one or more corresponding sub-ranges of positions along an axis (y′) on the sensor plane; and a detector assembly (170) arranged to determine the at least one characteristic of said surface of said object (180) based on the laterally dispersed light received across said one or more sub-ranges of positions along said axis (y′) on the sensor plane.

The present disclosure can effectively improve an angular image resolution and a spatial image resolution compared to the related art by solving a problem of a plenoptic image based on a microlens array according to the related art. In the case of the microlens array according to the related art, microlenses having different numerical apertures (NAs) and F # (F numbers) or focal lengths are positioned on one substrate. However, in the present disclosure, two or more microlens arrays having different NAs and F # are stacked in a layer form (all the microlenses of each microlens array are formed in the same F # and the same NA) to allow various F # and various NAs to be implemented, and thus an image of an object is formed on a sensor plane at different positions. Accordingly, a spatial resolution and a depth resolution increase.

A pipe and profile machining machine having a system for scanning a profile of a cross section of a pipe or profile to be machined is described, the machine comprising a machining head, a feed device arranged to move the pipe or profile to be machined each time forward along a feed axis towards the machining head, and a scanning system for scanning a profile of a cross section of the pipe or profile to be machined. The scanning system comprises at least one laser scanning module having a laser emitter arranged to emit a light blade with which at least one portion of the pipe or profile to be machined is illuminated, the laser scanning module having a camera arranged to acquire an image of the portion of the pipe or profile to be machined illuminated by said light blade. The camera comprises a lens system and a sensor configured in such a way that the optical axis of the camera is tilted at an angle with respect to the direction normal to the sensor plane of the sensor to the light blade generated by the laser emitter, bringing the focal plane to a position as coincident as possible with the plane of the light blade according to the Scheimpflug principle.

The application discloses a scene gray image recovery system and method based on a dynamic visual sensor, and belongs to the field of computer vision and computational imaging. The application gradually opens the light of an image acquisition system by an incident light intensity control component, acquires the brightness change events on the sensor plane in the process by the dynamic visual sensor, obtains a time mapping gray image based on the brightness change events and the change relationship of brightness with the acquisition time, obtains an event number mapping gray image according to the mapping relationship of the brightness change events, the gray scale and the event number, and obtains the scene gray image according to the time mapping gray image and the event number mapping gray image. The application enables the dynamic visual sensor which can only output the brightness change discrete information to also output the gray image. Compared with the prior art, the application is compatible with static scenes and has better recovery effect.

The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent automation, in particular to an oxygenation sheet release system based on automatic adjustment of dissolved oxygen in water, which comprises a plurality of sensors, a plane and a water surface, the plurality of sensors are respectively arranged on the periphery and the center of the inside of the water surface, and two box bodies are arranged on two sides of the water surface and on the top of the plane. The driving assembly is arranged to drive the two stirring rods to rotate in opposite directions, the two groups of stirring rods and stirring paddles in opposite directions can enable water on the water surface to form stronger convection, water flow generated from one side and water flow on the other side can mutually impact and intersect, and the water flow on the other side impacts and intersects with the water flow on the other side. The convection effect can bring the water body on the water surface to the surface and bring the oxygen-rich water body on the surface to the bottom, so that sufficient exchange of the water bodies on the upper layer and the lower layer is promoted. And oxygen generated by dissolving of the oxygenation sheets can be diffused in the vertical direction more quickly, so that dissolved oxygen in the depth of the whole water surface is more uniform.

The invention provides a flexible resistance network sensing skin for curved surface deformation sensing, and relates to the technical field of flexible sensors. Comprising a flexible substrate, a two-dimensional conductive network arranged in the flexible substrate and electrode pins installed on the periphery of the flexible substrate at intervals, the electrode pins are connected with the two-dimensional conductive network, and any two electrode pins are connected with the two-dimensional conductive network to form a resistor. According to the two-dimensional flexible conductive network sensing skin, an integrated net-shaped conductive structure design is adopted, deformation detection in multiple directions in a sensor plane is achieved, stretching compression bending in different directions and combined deformation of stretching compression bending in different directions are included, and the two-dimensional flexible conductive network sensing skin can be better attached to a complex curved surface; by adopting a flexible conductive material, the long-term use stability of the sensor is improved. Flexible fitting, environment stability, low power consumption and low cost are considered, the method can be widely applied to the fields of human body monitoring, intelligent wearing, flexible electronics and the like, and the technical practicability and the industrialization prospect are outstanding.

The invention discloses a hydrogen sensor, a planar chiral structure and a preparation method of the planar chiral structure. The planar chiral structure comprises a substrate layer; the Cr layer is arranged on the substrate layer; the surface plasmon material layer covers the Cr layer; the Pd layer covers the surface plasmon material layer; the planar chiral structure is in a windmill shape; and the ratio of the distance L between the two opposite angles to the distance W between the two inner angles is (2-4): 1. According to the planar chiral structure provided by the invention, the signal intensity of a single planar chiral structure is amplified to be capable of being directly detected and applied; and a plurality of planar chiral structures can form an array to realize integrated application. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, can be directly prepared on a substrate layer, and realizes large-scale production. The hydrogen sensor detection unit is small to a submicron level, and can be used for high-efficiency detection of hydrogen concentration, leakage and content in the fields of energy, industry, traffic, security and protection, medical treatment and the like.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a twist-insensitive mounting differential sensor with direction detection. A magnetic sensor includes a plurality of pairs of sensor elements and a sensor circuit, each pair of sensor elements including two sensor elements disposed opposite one another on a circumference of a circle arranged in a sensor plane of the magnetic sensor, the sensor circuit configured to generate a first pulse output signal based on a selected differential measurement signal indicative of a rotational speed of an object. The sensor circuit is configured to generate a plurality of differential measurement signals, one for each of the plurality of pairs of sensor elements, wherein each of the plurality of differential measurement signals is derived from sensor signals generated by the corresponding pair of sensor elements. The sensor circuit is further configured to select, as the selected differential measurement signal, the differential measurement signal having a largest amplitude from the plurality of differential measurement signals.

The invention relates to an electro-optical radiation protection device (1), in particular a light protection device, comprising: at least one electro-optical protection sheet (1) covering at least a monocular field of view and comprising at least one liquid crystal element (2); at least two radiation sensors (3, 4, 5), each of which generates a control signal depending on the intensity of the incident radiation; and an electronic control means (6) which is designed to receive a control signal and to control the or each liquid crystal cell (2) and to control the transmittance (T) of the protective sheet (1) as a function of the control signal of the radiation sensor. The radiation sensors (3, 4, 5) are used as photodiodes with the highest sensitivity in the infrared range, the sensor surfaces (7, 8, 9) define sensor planes (SE3, SE4, SE5), at least two sensor planes (SE3, SE4) intersect at an angle of less than 45 degrees, and the intersecting line of these sensor planes (SE3, SE4) preferably lies or is parallel to the sagittal plane (S) of the protective sheet (1).

A microscope having a light source for transmitting excitation light, an illumination beam path for guiding the excitation light into a sample region and for modifying a polarization state of the excitation light, a phase plate for creating an illumination pattern, a cylindrical optics unit for creating an elongate distribution of the excitation light, a scanning unit for scanning the elongate distribution of the excitation light through the sample region, a camera for recording images, a detection beam path with a microscope objective for guiding emission light onto the camera and a control unit for controlling the scanning unit and / or the camera and for reading out measurement data from the camera. The camera is arranged in a non-descanned part of the detection beam path and the control unit is configured to synchronize a location of a slot-shaped readout region in a sensor plane of the camera with a location of the elongate distribution of the excitation light in a plane of the sample.

A tube and profile machining machine (T) is described, comprising: a machining head (12), a feeding device (14) arranged to advance a tube or profile (T) to be machined along a feeding axis (x) towards the machining head (12) each time, and a scanning system for scanning the cross-sectional profile of the tube or profile (T) being machined. The machining head (12) can be transposed relative to the tube or profile (T) being machined in a vertical transverse plane perpendicular to the feeding axis (x). The scanning system includes at least one laser scanning module (20) having a laser emitter (22) adapted to emit a narrow beam of light (L) to illuminate at least a part of the tube or profile (T) being machined and a camera (24) adapted to acquire an image of the part of the tube or profile (T), the part being illuminated by said narrow beam of light (L).The camera (24) comprises a lens (42) and a sensor (44) configured such that the optical axis (o2) of the camera (24) is inclined at a certain angle (φ) with respect to a direction (s) perpendicular to the sensor plane (PC) of the sensor (44), towards the narrow beam of light (L) generated by the laser emitter (22) so as to move the focusing plane (PM) to a position that coincides as closely as possible with the plane (PW) of the narrow beams of light (L), according to Scheimpflug's law. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 6.

The invention relates to a Sammer camera (10) comprising:-a camera coupling (16) for holding a camera (12),-the camera (12) held in the camera coupling (16) comprising a sensor (123) located in a sensor plane and camera electronics (126) connected to the sensor (123), the central normal of the sensor (123) specifying a first optical axis, and the central normal of the sensor (123) specifying a second optical axis, a lens coupling (18) for fixedly holding a lens predefining a second optical axis, which lens coupling can be pivoted relative to the camera coupling (16) about a pivot axis intersecting the optical axes in the sensor plane, such that the first and second optical axes extend coaxially to one another according to the pivot position or intersect one another in the sensor plane, a mounting base (20) for mounting the lens on the mounting base (20), the lens coupling (18) is mounted in the mounting base so as to be rotatable about a second optical axis. The invention is characterized in that the camera (12) has a cylindrical sensor carrier (121), on the front end wall (122) thereof, the sensor (123) is fixed in a central position and in an orientation perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the sensor carrier (121); the rear end wall (124) bears an interface to camera electronics (126) arranged inside the sensor carrier (121), the camera coupling (16) having a central circular through-hole in which the sensor carrier (121) is mounted in an axially fixed manner and in such a manner that the sensor carrier can be rotated about the cylinder axis of the sensor carrier (121) directly, and-the rear end wall (124) of the camera coupling (16) bears an interface to the camera electronics (126) arranged inside the sensor carrier (121).

A method for measuring the influence of turbulent disturbances on laser irradiation of a target passing through a turbulent atmosphere including: focusing a measurement laser beam on the target by an optical device; collimating a laser beam reflected back from the target due to the irradiation and received by the optical device in a sensor plane of a sensor device; repeated measurement of a location-dependent gradient field of a wavefront of the collimated reflection laser beam in the sensor plane, wherein the measurement laser beam is adapted after each measurement such that the individual measurements are statistically independent of one another; and averaging the measured gradient field over the individual measurements to estimate a turbulence disturbance of the measurement laser beam, wherein an associated turbulence-disturbed wavefront is reconstructed from the averaged gradient field by digital signal processing.

Method (1000) for manufacturing a support body (2), in particular a mattress, a topper, a cushion for a vehicle seat or the like, comprising the following steps: - Producing a foam material which, after its completion, forms at least a part of a support body (2), in particular a mattress, a topper, a cushion of a vehicle seat or the like, wherein, after at least partial cooling and / or at least partial hardening of the foam material, a sensor plane (21) extending in a horizontal direction (H1) is applied and / or arranged on at least a part of an outer surface of the support body (2). characterized by the fact that the sensor plane (21) consists of at least two sensors (30), wherein the sensors (30) are connected to at least one control and processing unit (3), wherein the control and processing unit (3) is arranged either on the outer surface of the support body (2) or on another outer surface of the support body (2), and further wherein at least one of the sensors (30) is one of the following sensors: ▪ a pressure sensor (30) which is arranged on or within a support element (2), in particular a bed sheet, a bed cover, a bed topper, a driver's seat cushion or the like, wherein the pressure sensor (30) is configured and intended to measure pressure between the user (1) and the support surface (2), ▪ a moisture sensor (30) which is arranged on or within a support element (2), in particular a bed sheet, a bed cover, a bed topper, a driver's seat cushion or the like, wherein the moisture sensor (30) is configured and intended to measure moisture between the user (1) and the support surface (2), ▪ a temperature sensor (30) which is arranged on or within a support element (2), in particular a bed sheet, a bed cover, a bed topper, a driver's seat cushion or the like, wherein the temperature sensor (30) is configured and intended to measure a temperature between the user (1) and the support surface (2), and further wherein all sensors (30) are connected to a processing and control unit (3), wherein the support body (2) comprises a foam core, a median plane and a support plane following it in the perpendicular direction (S1), wherein the at least one sensor (30) is arranged on or within the median plane, wherein the median plane thus defines, in particular forms, the sensor plane (21), and the support plane is further comprised of at least one foam material, a stuffing material, such as springs, etc., wherein the sensors (30) of the sensor plane (21) are arranged in a matrix, i.e. in rows and columns, whereby at the intersection points of electrical lines (4), which electrically connect the individual sensors (30) to each other and to the control and processing unit (3), so that the sensor plane (21) forms a sensor network together with the electrical lines (4), further wherein the middle plane comprises at least a planar film which extends in the horizontal direction (H1) along the main extension plane of the foam core, and on one of the two outer surfaces of the film the electrical conductors (4) together with the sensors (30) are arranged.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic control valves, and discloses a hydraulic control valve remote monitoring device which comprises a hydraulic valve body and an oil pipe on the hydraulic valve body. A mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the monitoring pipe; one side surface of the mounting plate is an arc surface, and the other side surface is a plane; the arc surface is attached to the inner wall of the monitoring pipe; the plane is provided with a light sensor through a fastener; a mounting hole is formed in the plane, an assembling hole is formed in the optical sensor, and a fastener penetrates through the assembling hole and is fastened in the mounting hole; the monitoring pipe is provided with a connecting line hole, a sealing element is arranged in the connecting line hole, and a connecting line of the optical sensor is installed in the connecting line hole through the sealing element. The optical sensor is installed on the oil pipe of the hydraulic valve body through the monitoring pipe, pollution is found in advance through online monitoring of the optical sensor on the inner wall of the monitoring pipe, the valve element of the hydraulic valve body is triggered to be closed through the executing mechanism, metal abrasive particles or impurities are prevented from entering valve element gaps, and the phenomenon that the valve is stuck is avoided.

The application provides a non-invasive high-precision blood glucose sensor and a preparation method thereof. The blood glucose sensor comprises two symmetrical sensing areas prepared on a flexible substrate layer; each sensing area comprises a glucose sensor working electrode, a glucose sensor auxiliary electrode / reference electrode, a sodium ion sensor working electrode, a pH sensor working electrode and a sodium ion / pH sensor common reference electrode; the electrodes are distributed in axial symmetry along the central axis in the sensor plane and are prepared by screen printing; and the symmetrical structure design of the blood glucose sensor can make the extraction electrodes exchange electrode polarity when extracted for two adjacent times to reduce electrode consumption and skin irritation, the integrated sodium ion and pH sensors can correct the change in the extraction amount of intercellular fluid, and high-precision blood glucose monitoring is achieved.

The invention provides an additive manufacturing method of a magnetic material patterned micro-nano structure, and belongs to the technical field of micro-nano manufacturing. An oil-based dispersion liquid containing magnetic nanoparticles is used as an ink material, under the coupling action of mechanical force (pressure and shearing force) and an external magnetic field, the magnetic nanoparticles are gathered at a shearing interface where a manufacturing end and a plane substrate move relatively, interface bonding and solid-phase sintering are carried out under local high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and the magnetic nanoparticles are prepared. A uniform and stable micro-nano structure is formed on the surface of a planar substrate, and a preset pattern can be accurately constructed according to a relative motion path. Dependence on a vacuum environment or a high-temperature condition is avoided, and meanwhile the method can be suitable for rigid and flexible base materials. The method has the advantages of simple process, no need of a mask, high cost benefit, easiness in large-scale production and the like; and the manufactured magnetic material patterned micro-nano structure can be used for array sensors, planar micro supercapacitor interdigital electrodes and the like.

A method for measuring the influence of turbulent disturbances on laser irradiation of a target as it passes through a turbulent atmosphere comprises focusing a measuring laser beam onto the target with an optical device; collimating a reflected laser beam, which is reflected back from the target due to irradiation with the measuring laser beam and received by the optical device, in a sensor plane of a sensor device; repeatedly measuring a spatially dependent gradient field of a wavefront of the collimated reflected laser beam in the sensor plane in a number of individual measurements, wherein the measuring laser beam is adjusted after each individual measurement such that the individual measurements are statistically independent of each other;and averaging the measured gradient field over the number of individual measurements to estimate a turbulence disturbance of the measuring laser beam, whereby a corresponding turbulence-disturbed wavefront is reconstructed from the averaged gradient field using digital signal processing.

A method and device for passive athermalization in optical systems including at least one auxetic structure in at least one optical device. The at least one auxetic structure functions to counter or completely negate the increase in distance of at least one glass portion and at least one optical sensor plane of the optical device which results from expansion of the optical device when under a thermal load.