29 results about "Smith chart" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent substations, and particularly relates to an intelligent nuclear phase method and system for a substation. According to the method, a dynamic priority evaluation model is constructed, multi-source data of four kinds of basic factors including voltage phase difference, environment temperature and humidity, equipment vibration and historical errors are synthesized, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is utilized to calculate weights and dynamically sort the weights; a multi-port phase scattering model is constructed based on transformer substation topology, impedance mismatch points are analyzed by means of a Smith chart, and dual-stage optimization is implemented; constructing a three-layer decision input set according to the optimization model, designing a fuzzy logic driven adaptive rule engine, dynamically outputting a working condition level and matching a nuclear phase strategy; multi-dimensional quality evaluation, dynamic updating of factor weights and optimization of fuzzy model parameters are carried out by monitoring indexes such as reflection coefficients in real time, abnormal mode recognition and compensation strategy solidification are realized by fusing LSTM and a graph neural network, a self-evolution closed-loop system is formed, and finally, crossing of a nuclear phase process from accurate matching to autonomous evolution is realized.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of smart substations, and specifically relates to a method and system for smart phase checking in substations. The method constructs a dynamic priority evaluation model, integrates multi-source data of four basic factors: voltage phase difference, ambient temperature and humidity, equipment vibration, and historical error, and uses a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to calculate weights and dynamically sort them. A multi-port phase scattering model is constructed based on the substation topology, and impedance mismatch points are analyzed with the help of a Smith chart to implement two-stage optimization. A three-layer decision input set is constructed based on the optimization model, and a fuzzy logic-driven adaptive rule engine is designed to dynamically output the operating condition level and match the phase checking strategy. Multi-dimensional quality assessment is performed through real-time monitoring of indicators such as reflection coefficient, dynamically updating factor weights, optimizing fuzzy model parameters, and integrating LSTM and graph neural networks to realize abnormal pattern recognition and compensation strategy solidification, forming a self-evolving closed-loop system, and ultimately achieving a transition from precise matching to autonomous evolution in the phase checking process.

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a power amplifier for improving power back-off efficiency, which belongs to the technical field of radio frequency microwave circuits, and comprises the following steps: step 1, based on load characteristics of an active device, determining an optimal efficiency impedance point under linear output power as optimal impedance of amplifier design; step 2, pulling out the determined optimal impedance by using a load pulling technology or LOADPULL, and drawing the optimal impedance on an SMITH original drawing; 3, based on the optimal impedance obtained through traction, low-loss impedance matching is achieved through the equal Q matching technology, loss and bandwidth are compatible, and impedance change and frequency band shaping are completed; 4, a two-stage or multi-stage amplification structure is adopted, and nonlinear compensation is realized by controlling grid voltages of front-stage and back-stage active devices and utilizing front-stage and back-stage gain compression and expansion characteristics; the method has the beneficial effects that the linear output power optimal efficiency impedance point is selected as the optimal impedance of the amplifier design, and the amplifier maintains higher linear output power and has higher rollback efficiency.

A high-frequency front-end circuit (10A) that has the following features: a triplexer circuit (20A) comprising a first transmit filter (211), a receive filter (221) and a second transmit filter (212), wherein one end of the first transmit filter (211) and one end of the receive filter (221) and one end of the second transmit filter (212) are connected to each other by a common junction; a low-noise amplifier (LNA); and a phase adjustment circuit (30A) that is connected between the receive filter (221) and the low-noise amplifier (LNA), where the first transmit filter (211) is set such that a fundamental frequency of a first transmit signal in a first communication band falls into a passband of the first transmit filter (211), the receive filter (221) is set such that a fundamental frequency of a received signal in the first communication band falls into a passband of the receive filter (221), the second transmit filter (212) is set such that a fundamental frequency of a second transmit signal in a second communication band, which differs from the first communication band, falls into a passband of the second transmit filter (212), where the transmission of the second transmit signal and the reception of the received signal are carried out simultaneously, wherein, assuming that a Smith chart is divided into four quadrants by a first line representing pure resistance and by a second line connecting points along an outer periphery of the Smith chart, each with a phase of 90°, and a reference impedance point, the phase adjustment circuit (30A) performs a phase adjustment such that, at a harmonic frequency of the second transmit signal, a quadrant in which a phase of the low-noise amplifier (LNA) is present when viewed from the receive filter (221), and a quadrant in which a phase is present when viewed from the low-noise amplifier (LNA) towards the receive filter (221), are not in a conjugate relationship.

This invention relates to an automatic impedance matching system, method, and application based on reflection coefficient measurement. The matching system includes a matching network, a reflectometer module, and a control module. The reflectometer module is connected in series between the matching network and the radio frequency (RF) power supply. The reflectometer module measures the reflection coefficient at the output of the RF power supply, and the reflection coefficient includes amplitude and phase information. The control module is connected in series between the reflectometer module and the matching network. The control module adjusts the matching network to change the position of the reflection coefficient on the Smith chart, making it infinitely close to the origin of the Smith chart. The RF power supply displays a reflected power of 0, thus achieving impedance matching. This invention provides a fast, convenient, and accurate matching method for plasma excitation devices. This method avoids blind operation and simplifies the matching process of plasma excitation devices.

The invention relates to an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly includes: an antenna; a first switching circuit; the power amplifier outputs radio frequency signals of different frequency bands to the antenna through the first switching circuit; the first matching circuit is electrically connected between the first end of the first switching circuit and the antenna, and the first matching circuit comprises a first passive device; the second matching circuit is electrically connected between the second end of the first switching circuit and the output end of the power amplifier, and the second matching circuit comprises a second passive device; wherein the parameter of the first passive device and the parameter of the second passive device are matched with the target frequency band of the radio frequency signal, and the parameter of the first passive device is used for turning the power of the radio frequency signal of the target frequency band to the center of a corresponding equal output power curve; the parameters of the second passive device are used for enabling the center of the equal output power curve to turn to a matching point of the Smith chart.

The application discloses a high-symmetry ultra-wideband gallium nitride power amplifier power combination network, which is applied to the field of monolithic microwave integrated circuits and aims at the problem that, in the Ku wave band, the long secondary power combination transmission line seriously deteriorates the high-frequency characteristics of the existing tree-shaped power combination network and cannot meet the high-frequency and ultra-wideband requirements; the power combination network transistor of the application adopts X-shaped layout, so that the power combination network structure is axially symmetrical in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction and is centrally symmetrical relative to the secondary power combination point, the symmetry and the large-signal even-mode stability of the power combination network are improved, and the heat dissipation of the chip is facilitated, and the thermal stability is improved; the application also utilizes a two-order L-C low-pass matching network to make impedance transformation in the ultra-wideband be located in the low-Q value area of a Smith chart, and the high-frequency bandwidth and the insertion loss are further improved.

A Doherty amplifier includes a distributor, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third node, an impedance conversion circuit having a first end connected to a first node and a second end connected to the third node, and rotating an impedance viewed from the first amplifier to the third node with respect to an impedance viewed from the first amplifier to the first node within a range of 360°±45° on a Smith chart in a second harmonic wave, and a harmonic tuning circuit having a third end connected to a line connecting the first amplifier and the third node at the first node, and making an absolute value of an impedance with respect to a reference potential at the third end in the second harmonic wave smaller than an absolute value of an impedance with respect to the reference potential at the third end in the fundamental wave.

The invention discloses a dynamic impedance allocation device, an antenna device and a dynamic impedance allocation method, and the structure of the device comprises a main transmission path which is connected with an input / output port; the at least one branch deploying path is connected to the main transmission path in parallel through nodes, and each branch deploying path comprises a variable phase shifter and an open-circuit or short-circuit terminal; by independently adjusting the variable phase shifters, the reflection coefficient of any load impedance is iteratively converged to the matching area of the Smith chart, and dynamic impedance matching is achieved. Compared with the prior art, the impedance allocation device has the dynamic impedance matching capability, solves the problem that a fixed matching network cannot adapt to impedance conversion, solves the systematic technical defects of incapability of continuous adjustment, long-term stability and the like, and can meet the strict requirements of a modern microwave system on broadband and high reliability.

The invention relates to a battery life prediction system, method and device, a storage medium and a program product. A vector network analyzer is used for acquiring impedance spectrum data of a to-be-detected battery and outputting a Smith chart; the client is used for obtaining the Smith chart output by the vector network analyzer and sending the Smith chart and the first battery type selected by the user to the server; and the server processes the Smith chart to obtain the predicted residual capacity of the battery, and returns the predicted residual capacity to the client. According to the prediction model, line color features in a Smith chart and edge number, direction and position features of a polygon are extracted, the size of a convolution kernel is determined according to the edge length statistical value of the polygon, and the incidence relation between the prediction model and the residual capacity of the battery is determined through training. The Smith chart output by the vector network analyzer is used as input data, the prediction model is built in combination with the corresponding image recognition algorithm, the residual capacity data of the detected battery are obtained, the cost is low, the efficiency is high, and the tiny change of the battery capacity can be detected.

The invention provides an OIP3 parameter on-chip test method and device, and the method comprises the steps: predefining an impedance tuning region on a Smith chart, and predefining N target impedance points in the impedance tuning region, N being a natural number greater than 1; and exciting the tested device to carry out intermodulation distortion test through the dual-tone signal, and sequentially tuning the load impedance of the tested device to each target impedance point through load traction. According to the OIP3 parameter on-chip test method and test device provided by the invention, the problems that a traditional OIP3 test scheme cannot reflect the nonlinear characteristic change of a device caused by impedance mismatch in an actual working environment, the test result is influenced by parasitic parameters introduced by packaging and the like are solved.

The invention discloses an impedance matching method for an electret air-coupled transducer, and the method comprises the steps: determining the target working frequency of the electret air-coupled transducer, the target working frequency being the frequency enabling the electret air-coupled transducer to generate the highest energy conversion efficiency; constructing an equivalent circuit model of the electret air-coupled transducer, wherein the equivalent circuit model is used for simulating the electrical response of the electret air-coupled transducer at the target working frequency; and through a Smith chart tool, based on the acquired signal source impedance, the target working frequency and the equivalent circuit model, determining a target impedance matching network, so that the impedance of the electret air coupling transducer is matched with the impedance of the signal source. The impedance of the electret transducer can be reduced, and the electric energy transmission efficiency of the electret transducer can be improved.

The application provides a filter power capacity improvement method, device, storage medium and filter element. The filter power capacity improvement method comprises the following steps: setting the port impedance of a bulk acoustic wave filter as a first impedance, so that the power density of a resonator in the bulk acoustic wave filter is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, wherein the first impedance is a complex impedance, and the impedance value of the first impedance is on a circle with a conductance equal to 1 in a Smith chart; determining an impedance transformation network connected to the port of the bulk acoustic wave filter according to the first impedance, the impedance transformation network being used to be connected to the bulk acoustic wave filter to form a connection body, and making the port impedance of the connection body a preset impedance value. The application has a good effect of improving the power capacity of the bulk acoustic wave filter.

In an Advanced Antenna System, a desired power amplifier, PA, load distribution, which counters the mismatch of active impedance load, is achieved by altering the lengths of routing traces connecting PA outputs and corresponding antenna elements / subarrays. The combined output performance in the beam during active impedance load is then restored to the matched condition performance. This can be visualized as distributing the load impedance more evenly—ideally, on a circle—on a Smith chart.

The application discloses a dynamic impedance matching device, an antenna device and a dynamic impedance matching method, and the structure of the device comprises a main transmission path connected with input / output ports; at least one branch matching path is connected in parallel to the main transmission path through a node, and each branch matching path comprises a variable phase shifter and an open circuit or a short circuit terminal; by independently adjusting each variable phase shifter, the reflection coefficient of any load impedance is iteratively converged to a matching area of a Smith chart, and dynamic impedance matching is realized. Compared with the prior art, the impedance matching device has dynamic impedance matching capability, solves the problem that a fixed matching network cannot adapt to impedance conversion, and solves systematic technical defects such as inability to continuously adjust and long-term stability, and can meet the strict requirements of a modern microwave system on a wide frequency band and high reliability.

Provided is a power amplifier circuit in which the load impedance of an amplifier can be set at a position that is most suitable for broadband. The power amplifier circuit includes a differential amplifier, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The differential amplifier includes a first amplifier and a second amplifier. A signal of a desired frequency is output from the first output terminal or the second output terminal by turning on or off each switch. Inductors in which the directions of rotation of the current flowing therethrough are opposite to each other are provided in advance and are made to function so as to weaken magnetic field coupling. By weakening magnetic field coupling, the size of impedance winding on a Smith chart can be reduced. As a result, fluctuations in impedance with respect to frequency can be suppressed. A fixed load impedance at a broadband operating frequency is achieved by a series circuit comprising a switch and a capacitor.

The invention provides a method and a device for determining an output load position of a power amplifier and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and the method for determining the output load position of the power amplifier comprises the following steps: determining a power consumption value of the power amplifier and an adjacent channel power ratio of a coupling path of the power amplifier; according to the power consumption value of the power amplifier, the adjacent channel power ratio of the coupling path and a first mapping relation, determining a possible position point of an output load of the power amplifier, the first mapping relation including a mapping relation between the power consumption value of the power amplifier and a power curve based on a Smith circle diagram and a mapping relation between the adjacent channel power ratio of the coupling path and a linear curve based on the Smith circle diagram; and screening the possible position points, and determining a target position point where the output load of the power amplifier is located.

In an Advanced Antenna System, a desired power amplifier, PA, load distribution, which counters the mismatch of active impedance load, is achieved by altering the lengths of routing traces connecting PA outputs and corresponding antenna elements / subarrays. The combined output performance in the beam during active impedance load is then restored to the matched condition performance. This can be visualized as distributing the load impedance more evenly—ideally, on a circle—on a Smith chart.

This invention provides a method for characterizing the matching performance of broadband microwave circuits and a microwave circuit design method, relating to the field of computer-aided microwave circuit design technology. This invention plots the circuit's return loss frequency response curve on a Smith chart and draws a bounding rectangle that meets certain conditions according to physical and geometric principles. The matching performance of the microwave circuit is characterized by the distance L from the center point N inside the bounding rectangle to the center point O of the Smith chart and the area W of the bounding rectangle. A dimensionless value is obtained by dividing the distance L by a unit distance, and a dimensionless value is obtained by dividing the area W by a unit area. Based on a weighted sum of these values, the matching performance of the microwave circuit is comprehensively characterized. This invention has clear physical meaning, is simple and convenient to apply, and has strong universality. It can be widely used in the autonomous optimization design of microwave circuits based on artificial intelligence algorithms such as machine learning, significantly improving the design efficiency and accuracy of broadband microwave matching circuits.

The present application provides a broadband microwave circuit matching performance characterization method and a microwave circuit design method, and relates to the technical field of computer-aided microwave circuit design.The present application draws the circuit return loss frequency response curve on the Smith chart, and draws the surrounding rectangle meeting the conditions according to the physical and geometric principles, so as to characterize the matching performance of the microwave circuit by the distance L from the center point N of the surrounding rectangle to the center point O of the Smith chart and the area W of the surrounding rectangle; a dimensionless value obtained by dividing the distance L by the unit distance, a dimensionless value obtained by dividing the area W by the unit area, and the weighted sum based on the sum are used to comprehensively characterize the matching performance of the microwave circuit.The present application has clear physical meaning, simple and convenient application, strong universality, and can be widely applied to the autonomous optimization design of the microwave circuit based on the artificial intelligence algorithm such as machine learning, so as to greatly improve the design efficiency and design accuracy of the broadband microwave matching circuit.

The invention discloses a ceramic antenna rapid test system based on a network analyzer, and the system comprises the network analyzer which is used for measuring a signal reflected by an antenna so as to quantify the inherent electrical performance characteristics of the tested ceramic antenna, and recording the inherent electrical performance characteristics as electrical performance parameters; the automatic setting calibration module is used for automatically marking a center frequency point for the electrical performance parameter on a Smith graph based on a center frequency automatic identification algorithm of a minimum standing-wave ratio point, and providing visual feedback on a human-computer interaction interface; the master slice parameter learning module is used for recording electrical performance parameters of the master slice by taking the master slice as a reference and comparing the electrical performance parameters with subsequent sample slice parameters as reference data; the sample piece test comparison module is used for connecting a sample piece after a user inputs an error range based on master slice parameters, testing frequency and impedance parameters of the sample piece, comparing a test result with master slice performance parameters, and judging whether an error is met or not; and a result judgment output module.

A power amplifying circuit that can set load impedances of amplifiers at optimal locations for a wide band is provided. The power amplifying circuit includes a differential amplifier having a first amplifier and a second amplifier, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. By turning each switch on or off, a signal of a desired frequency is outputted from the first output terminal or the second output terminal. Inductors are provided in which turning directions of currents flowing therethrough are opposite to each other, and this causes magnetic coupling to weaken. By weakening this magnetic coupling, the size of a spiral of the impedance on the Smith chart is reduced. This enables the suppression of variation in the impedance with respect to the frequency. In a wide band operating frequency, a constant load impedance is realized using a series circuit made up of a switch and a capacitor.

The present invention relates to the field of information technology, and discloses a graphical design method for a broadband Doherty power amplifier. The two-way output matching network required for the operation of the Doherty power amplifier (which can also be called the load modulation network (LMN)) is divided into the equivalent package parasitic parameter network (EPN) of the transistor and a "black box". Among them, the EPN of the transistor is constructed by the de-embedding technology, that is, as long as the structural content of the "black box" is completed, the design of the Doherty power amplifier can be realized. This method observes the reflection coefficient locus through the Smith chart to perform circuit matching, and intuitively constructs the output matching network of the Doherty two-way power amplifier from the current source end face to the load end, avoiding a large number of theoretical analyses and formula derivations for solving circuit parameters when designing the Doherty power amplifier, reducing the design difficulty of the Doherty power amplifier, and improving the work efficiency.

The application relates to a power amplifier manufacturing method for improving power backoff efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency microwave circuits, and comprises the following steps: step 1: based on the load characteristics of an active device, the optimal efficiency impedance point under linear output power is determined as the optimal impedance of amplifier design; step 2: the determined optimal impedance is pulled out by using a load pulling technology or LOADPULL, and is drawn on a SMITH chart; step 3: based on the optimal impedance obtained by pulling, an equal Q matching technology is adopted to realize low-loss impedance matching, compatibility of loss and bandwidth, impedance variation and frequency band shaping are completed; step 4: a two-stage or multi-stage cascade amplification structure is adopted, the gate voltages of front and rear active devices are controlled, and nonlinear compensation is realized by using gain compression and expansion characteristics of the front and rear stages; the application has the beneficial effects that the optimal efficiency impedance point under linear output power is selected as the optimal impedance of amplifier design, the amplifier maintains higher linear output power, and has higher backoff efficiency.

The adaptability of radio frequency power amplifiers (PA) to varying load impedance mismatch is improved through a topology in which a plurality of balanced PAs are combined with delay lines to disperse phase shifts over the VSWR circumference, i.e. Over the entire range of phase values. Balancing PA circuits are arranged in parallel, the balancing PA circuits comprising two parallel PAs operating in an orthogonal fashion, the outputs of which are combined by a quadrature hybrid coupler (QHC). A delay line is interposed between the output of the partial or all parallel balancing PAs and the load. The phase shift introduced by the delay line is combined with the inherent 90-degree phase separation of the PA, and the PA is distributed on the VSWR circumference on the Smith chart. Therefore, the PAs compensate each other, peak outputs are located at different impedance phases, and consistent overall radio frequency signals are generated in the whole impedance mismatch value range. The scheme can be expanded to more than two balance amplifiers, and more PAs are allowed to be connected in parallel. In certain aspects, the termination impedance at the isolated port of the QHC may be controlled to encompass where the circuitry requires reconfigurability.

The invention provides a module, an electronic device, a mobile terminal, an antenna circuit and an adjusting method thereof, a matching element and an initial component are connected in series or in parallel to an antenna port, the antenna circuit is connected to a first device in a preset working frequency band in the module through the antenna port, and the first device comprises at least one surface acoustic wave filter. The module further comprises a second device located in the target compatible frequency band, and the matching element enables the first device to be in a high-resistance state. According to the invention, the matching element is arranged at the antenna end, so that the filtering performance of the first device is maintained, and the carrier aggregation capability of the target frequency band is improved; meanwhile, the matching element is set to be an element with adjustable parameters, so that the antenna circuit is flexibly suitable for being compatible with different frequency bands; in addition, a standard is provided for the carrier aggregation effect of the module through the scattering coefficient of the device; and finally, matching the relationship between the Smith chart curve and the open circuit point to realize convenient and fast antenna circuit adjustment.

The application belongs to the field of microwave radio frequency technology, and discloses a non-parallel bonding wire parasitic parameter extraction model and a transmission characteristic optimization method thereof. The non-parallel bonding wire parasitic parameter extraction model is used to extract the parasitic parameters of the bonding wire. An equivalent circuit model of the bonding wire is established in Advanced Design System software, and a microstrip single stub matching circuit suitable for the bonding wire is designed by using a Smith chart. After the parameters of the microstrip single stub matching circuit are converted into actual microstrip lines, a microstrip matching structure is designed based on the parasitic parameter extraction model to realize the optimization of the transmission characteristics of the model. The non-parallel bonding wire parasitic parameter extraction model can quickly extract various parasitic parameters of the bonding wire in the circuit design stage without relying on 3D modeling simulation, and can optimize the circuit design to reduce the deterioration of the transmission characteristics of the bonding wire without increasing the volume of the circuit, thereby providing a reference basis for the optimization design of the circuit performance.

The invention relates to a filter, a multiplexer, a radio frequency front-end module and electronic equipment. The filter at least comprises a first terminal, a second terminal, a first resonance arm, a second resonance arm and a third resonance arm, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are respectively used for being connected with an antenna and a signal processing circuit; the first resonance arm, the second resonance arm and the third resonance arm are connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal; the number of electrode fingers and / or aperture of the interdigital transducer corresponding to the resonator in the third resonance arm is smaller than the number of electrode fingers and / or aperture of the interdigital transducer corresponding to the resonators in the first resonance arm and the second resonance arm. According to the filter, the number of electrode fingers and / or aperture sizes of interdigital transducers in the first resonator, the second resonator and the third resonator are adjusted, so that the output impedance phase of the filter and the input impedance phase of a signal processing circuit connected with the filter are at least partially staggered on a Smith chart; therefore, the isolation degree of the filter is improved.

High-frequency front-end circuitry featuring the following characteristics: a demultiplex circuit (20) comprising a transmit filter (21, 21A, 212) configured such that a fundamental frequency band (ft0) of a transmit signal lies in a passband of the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212) and a receive filter (22) configured such that a fundamental frequency band (fr0) of a receive signal lies in a passband of the receive filter (22), wherein an end of the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212) and an end of the receive filter (22) are electrically connected via a common connection point provided between them; a power amplifier (PA) electrically connected to another end of the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212); and a phase adjustment circuit (30) which is electrically connected between the power amplifier (PA) and the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212), where, assuming that a Smith chart is divided into four quadrants by a first line indicating pure resistance and a second line connecting points of 90° phases on the outer circumference of the Smith chart to a reference impedance point, The phase adjustment circuit (30) performs a phase adjustment such that at the fundamental frequency (fr0) of the received signal, a quadrant in which a phase of the power amplifier (PA) is present, viewed from the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212), and a quadrant in which a phase is present, viewed from the power amplifier (PA) to the transmit filter (21, 21A, 212), are not in a conjugate relationship.