The application discloses a controllable
assembly method of nanoparticles. The method is realized by complexing carboxyl-modified pillar[5]arene (CP[5]A) and
pyrene butyric acid grafted organic
imidazole salt through host-guest interaction. Through a two-step simple
substitution reaction, 1-methyl-3-(10-(4-
pyrene-1-butanoic acid)-
chrysene-1H-
imidazole bromide and derivatives containing different carbon numbers are synthesized, which are mixed with the reported CP[5]A to obtain the
assembly system. By adjusting the concentration of the host and guest organic matters and the
chain length of the guest
organic matter, AuNPs can be controllably assembled and form well-defined one-dimensional and two-dimensional structures, especially the fine
assembly of AuNPs can be realized. The assembly
system has high stability and can exist stably for months. Meanwhile, the assembly
system has good universality and can be used to assemble different types of nanoparticles, such as silver nanoparticles, silver nanosheets, iron gold nanoparticles and gold nanorods, and is a simple and universal assembly platform.