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59results about "Slip casting moulds" patented technology

A slip casting device and a slip casting production line

The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic green body production, and more particularly, to a slip casting device and a slip casting production line. A slip casting device, the slip casting device includes a frame, a pressurizing structure, a slip casting assembly, and a plurality of molding assemblies; the plurality of molding assemblies are all slidably connected to the frame in the same direction; the pressurizing structure is connected to the frame, and the pressurizing structure is used to apply an external force to the plurality of molding assemblies so that any two adjacent molding assemblies are closed; the slip casting assembly is used to inject slurry into the closed molding assemblies to form a formed blank in the two closed molding assemblies. This slip casting device can improve the efficiency of slip casting and reduce the labor intensity of workers.
Owner:GUANGDONG JINMA LEADING INTELLIGENT TECH CO LTD

Pressure casting of submicron ceramic particles and methods of ejection

Methods and apparatus are provided for pressure casting ceramic bodies. Methods and apparatus are provided for rapid ejection of cast ceramic bodies from a mold. A mold is described that has an impermeable cavity surface to provide dry release of the cast body. Ceramic bodies produced by the methods and apparatus have smooth, non-tacky surfaces after ejection from the mold.
Owner:JAMES R GLIDEWELL DENTAL CERAMICS

Method for producing oxide sintered body

To provide a method for producing an oxide sintered body, in which a content of impurities is significantly reduced.SOLUTION: A method of the present invention for producing an oxide sintered body uses, as a raw material, an oxide containing two or more elements selected from In element, Ga element, and Zn element and satisfies the following conditions (a) to (c). An oxide having a purity of 6 N or more is used as the raw material. A grinding and mixing medium is formed of an oxide containing no element other than the elements selected as the raw material. Ultrapure water is used as a dispersion medium to form a slurry.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Owner:MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO LTD

Methods of fabricating curved two-dimensional membranes and membranes thereof

The present disclosure concerns a method of fabricating a curved 2D membrane comprising providing a curved polymer template on a support, flowing a solution of 2D material through the curved polymer template in order to form 2D multilayers on the curved polymer template and separating the 2D multilayers from the curved polymer template in order to form the curved 2D membrane. The curved 2D membrane is 10 characterised by a hyperbolic paraboloid curvature. The curved 2D membrane is characterised by a multi-layered lamellar morphology.
Owner:NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

Slurry discharging device for ceramic production

The invention relates to a slurry discharging device for ceramic production, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic production, and the slurry discharging device comprises an operation table, an operation plate is arranged on the operation table, a bottom plate is arranged below the operation plate, a bearing plate is arranged on one side of the bottom plate, a first electric cylinder is arranged on one side of the bottom plate, a push plate is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the first electric cylinder, and a spray head is fixedly arranged on the push plate; a release agent source is fixedly arranged on the operation table, a communicating pipe is fixedly arranged between the spray head and the release agent source, the bottom plate is sleeved with an outer ring forming pipe, an inner ring forming column is arranged in the outer ring forming pipe, a connecting rod is arranged on the operation plate, and a lifting assembly for driving the connecting rod to ascend and descend and a moving assembly for horizontally moving are arranged on the operation plate; a shell is fixedly arranged on the operation plate, a rotating shell is arranged in the shell, a flow guide pipe is connected between the rotating shell and the release agent source, a plurality of injection pipes are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the rotating shell, and a plurality of injection holes are formed in the side walls of the injection pipes.
Owner:CANGZHOU SEFU CERAMIC NEW MATERIALS CO LTD

A grouting device for daily-use ceramic production

The application relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a grouting equipment for daily-use ceramic production. The application provides the grouting equipment for daily-use ceramic production which can produce qualified ceramics. The grouting equipment for daily-use ceramic production comprises a mounting plate frame, a ceramic mold, a liquid storage tank, a liquid outlet, a liquid guide pipe and a shaking mechanism, the ceramic mold is placed in the mounting plate frame, the left side of the mounting plate frame is connected with the liquid storage tank, the upper side of the mounting plate frame is provided with the liquid outlet, the ceramic mold is located directly below the liquid outlet, the liquid guide pipe is in communication between the liquid outlet and the liquid storage tank, and the mounting plate frame is provided with the shaking mechanism for shaking the ceramic mold. The air in the piston cylinder is flowed into the ceramic mold through the air guide pipe by starting the motor and moving the limiting frame left and right to drive the ceramic mold and the raw materials to shake, so that the effect of shaking and pressurizing is realized, the raw materials are uniformly distributed in the ceramic mold, and the qualified production rate is improved.
Owner:赣州艺佳兴陶瓷有限公司

Method for manufacturing a part made of composite material with liquid compacting

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part made of composite material, comprising the arrangement of a fibrous preform (10, 20) in the impregnation chamber (110, 210) of a mould (100, 200), the impregnation chamber (110, 210) being closed by a flexible membrane (130, 230) separating the impregnation chamber (110, 210) from a compaction chamber (120, 220), an impregnation fluid (1000, 3000) being injected into the impregnation chamber (110, 210) and a compression fluid (2000, 4000) being injected into the compaction chamber (120, 220), the compression fluid (2000, 4000) being a liquid in which the value of the density is between 60% and 125% of the density of the impregnation fluid (1000, 3000).
Owner:SAFRAN CERAMICS SA

Tooling and process for infiltrating a slip into a textile preform

Tool and method for infiltrating a slip into a textile preform Tool for infiltrating (100) a slip (120) into a textile preform (110) comprising: - a mold (102) which comprises an impregnation chamber (103) comprising on one of its faces a filtration element (130) for a liquid phase (131) of the slip intended to receive a first face (113) of a textile preform (110), the impregnation chamber being closed by a counter-mold (101) located opposite the filtration element;and - an outlet vent (132) present on the mold and configured to remove a filtrate (131) from the filtration element at a removal pressure (P2), characterized in that the tooling also comprises a system for circulating a slip comprising an inlet port (141) and an outlet port (142), the circulation system being configured to circulate the slip in the impregnation chamber from the inlet port to the outlet port at a circulation pressure (P1) higher than the removal pressure (P2). Figure for abstract: Fig. 1;
Owner:SAFRAN NACELLES +1

Apparatus and methods for pressure casting using an indirect feed

This disclosure is directed to an apparatus comprising a manifold removably coupled to a mold, wherein ceramic slurry is indirectly fed into the cavity of the mold. More specifically, ceramic slurry is directly fed into an exterior portion of the mold and subsequently indirectly fed into the mold cavity. In certain aspects, the mold cavity can further comprise one or more inserts for producing ceramic articles having smaller dimensions and / or of irregular shape by casting by using a two-directional ceramic slurry feed. In some aspects, excess ceramic slurry from the casting process can be recycled for subsequent runs via a pitch. Also disclosed herein is a method for pressure casting using an indirect feed.
Owner:JAMES R GLIDEWELL DENTAL CERAMICS

A method for producing a component made of a composite material

The present invention relates to a method for producing a component made of a composite material, the method comprising at least: - obtaining a mold, the mold comprising: (i) a fibrous texture (6); (ii) a granular filter layer (5a) located between the drainage surface (SD) of the texture and the permeable discharge surface (4), the granular filter layer comprising a powder of filter particles (50a); and (iii) an element (5b) for holding the granular layer, which element is different from the layer and is located between the permeable discharge surface and the drainage surface, - introducing a suspension (1) comprising matrix particles (PM) into a liquid medium (ML) through an introduction surface (SI) of the fibrous texture different from the drainage surface, the liquid medium passing through the drainage surface, the granular filter layer and the holding element and being discharged through the permeable discharge surface, the matrix particles being retained by the granular filter layer in the pores of the fibrous texture, and - forming a component made of a composite material by forming a matrix from the matrix particles in the pores of the fibrous texture and forming a surface layer of the component from the filter particles.
Owner:SAFRAN NASEL

Drainage membrane for the manufacture of composite materials

ActiveEP4590497A1Slip casting moulds
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part made of composite material, said method comprising: - the arrangement of a fibrous preform (10) in a mould comprising an impregnation chamber (201), the impregnation chamber (201) being closed by a membrane (230) separating the impregnation chamber (201) from a compaction chamber (202), - the injection of an impregnation fluid (5) into the impregnation chamber (201), and the injection of a compression fluid (6) into the compaction chamber (202) so as to apply pressure to the membrane (230), - the aspiration of the compression fluid (6) present in the compaction chamber (202), the method being characterized in that the surface (230b) of the membrane (230) present on the side of the compaction chamber (202) comprises a plurality of grooves (235a, 235b).
Owner:SAFRAN SA

Method for producing oxide sintered body

The method for producing an oxide sintered body according to the present invention is a method for producing an oxide sintered body using, as a starting material, an oxide containing two or more elements selected from the group consisting of In element, Ga element, and Zn element, the method satisfying the following (a)-(c). (a) The raw material is an oxide having a purity of 6N or more. (b) The grinding / mixing medium is formed from an oxide that does not contain an element other than the element selected as the starting material. And (c) slurrying using ultrapure water as a dispersion medium.
Owner:MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO LTD

Three-dimensional ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a three-dimensional ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The invention discloses a three-dimensional grouting structure for ceramic tiles, and relates to the technical field of ceramic tile processing. Comprising an upper die; the grouting mechanism and the upper mold are arranged up and down, a grouting cavity is formed after mold closing, a through hole is formed in one side of the top of the upper mold, a grouting pipe is fixedly connected into the through hole, and the grouting pipe is communicated with the grouting cavity; the grouting mechanism comprises at least one lower mold assembly, and a three-dimensional protruding rib structure is arranged on the working face of the lower mold assembly. Through the arrangement of the convex ribs, a grid structure formed by the convex ribs can directly impress three-dimensional textures in a ceramic tile green body, a traditional plane grouting or later engraving process is replaced, the working procedures are reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the anchoring columns can form a convex structure in the ceramic tile, the mechanical meshing force of the ceramic tile and a binding material is enhanced, and the mechanical performance of the ceramic tile is improved. And the paving firmness is improved.
Owner:DEHUA YUNLI CERAMICS CO LTD

Method for densifying a fibrous texture by injecting a slip

The invention relates to a method for densifying a fibrous texture made of ceramic material used in injection equipment comprising: - a mould cavity defined between a mould and a counter-mould, the mould cavity defining an internal space; and - a membrane comprising a stiffened zone, the membrane being intended to be placed between a fibrous texture present in the mould cavity and the counter-mould, and the stiffened zone of the membrane having a Young's modulus greater than 200 GPa, the method comprising: - placing (110) a predensified fibrous texture in the mould cavity, the predensified fibrous texture having corrugations on the surface and placing the membrane on the predensified fibrous texture in such a way that the stiffened zone of the membrane is in contact with the peaks of the corrugations of the predensified fibrous texture; - closing (120) the injection equipment by placing the counter-mould on the membrane and applying a compaction pressure (Pcompaction) to the membrane so as to keep the stiffened zone of the membrane in contact with the peaks of the corrugations of the predensified fibrous texture; and - densifying (130) the predensified fibrous texture by infiltrating a slip into the porosity of the predensified fibrous texture, the slip being injected into the mould chamber laterally to the membrane at an injection pressure (Pinjection) such that the difference in pressure between the compaction pressure and the injection pressure is between 0.5 x 10^5 Pa and 6 x 10^5 Pa.
Owner:SAFRAN CERAMICS SA

A ceramic automatic centrifugal drying grouting machine with multi-angle adjustment

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, and provides a multi-angle adjustable ceramic automatic centrifugal drying grouting machine, comprising a frame shell, a bearing assembly, a centrifugal support assembly, a radial clamping assembly, an axial limit assembly, a transmission chain, a gas drying pipeline and a grouting system, wherein the bearing assembly comprises a bearing frame and a transmission shaft, the centrifugal support assembly comprises a support part and a piston, an object storage shell and a central tube surface are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, the support part comprises a object storage shell, an air outlet, a central tube, a curved guide rail and an air inlet, a spherical protrusion is slidably connected in the curved guide rail, the transmission shaft is transmission-connected to the central tube, the radial clamping assembly comprises a U-shaped block, a threaded rod and a locking nut, the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the U-shaped block, the locking nut is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, the axial limit assembly comprises a limit rod, the limit rod passes through the U-shaped block, and the threaded rod passes through the limit rod, and has the characteristics of positioning the ceramic mold, uniform and stable drying airflow and good molding quality.
Owner:FUJIAN KEYUE INTELLIGENT MASCH CO LTD

Method for manufacturing a part made of composite material with liquid compacting

ActiveUS20250108571A1Slip casting moulds
A method for manufacturing a part made of composite material, includes the arrangement of a fibrous preform in the impregnation chamber of a mold, the impregnation chamber being closed by a flexible membrane separating the impregnation chamber from a compaction chamber, an impregnation fluid being injected into the impregnation chamber and a compression fluid being injected into the compaction chamber, the compression fluid being a liquid in which the value of the density is between 60% and 125% of the density of the impregnation fluid.
Owner:SAFRAN CERAMICS SA

Composition for mold production and its use

The present invention provides a composition comprising solid particles of CaO, SiO, MgO, and Al2O3, and the use of the composition in making a mold. [Selected Figure] Figure 3A
Owner:ECONCRETE TECH LTD

Closestool blank slip casting device and method thereof

The invention relates to the technical field of toilet production equipment, in particular to a slip casting device and method for a toilet blank, the slip casting device comprises a forming mechanism, the forming mechanism comprises a machining table, electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the machining table, a lower mold is arranged at the top of the machining table, and side molds are arranged on the two sides of the lower mold; the outer side of the side mold is fixedly connected with the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and a liquid inlet is formed in the top of the side mold; the air drying mechanism comprises a fan, the fan is located at the top of the lower mold, ceramic slurry is injected into the forming mechanism at high pressure, so that a closestool blank is formed preliminarily, the air drying mechanism is started to conduct multi-directional air drying on the preliminarily formed closestool blank, the wind power in the initial air drying process is small, and the wind power in the later air drying process is improved; and during air drying, the dehumidifying mechanism is used for dehumidifying the blown-out air, and meanwhile, the blown-out air can be heated, so that the air drying efficiency is improved.
Owner:江苏美和厨卫科技有限公司

Method for densifying a fiber structure by injecting a slurry

The present invention relates to a method for densifying a fibrous structure made of a ceramic material used in an injection device, the injection device comprising: - a cavity defined between a mold and an opposing mold, the cavity defining an internal space; and - a film comprising a reinforcing zone, the film being disposed between the fibrous structure placed in the cavity and the opposing mold, the reinforcing zone of the film having a Young's modulus greater than 200 GPa, the method comprising: - placing (110) a pre-densified fibrous structure in the cavity, the pre-densified fibrous structure having corrugations on its surface, and placing the film on the pre-densified fibrous structure such that the reinforcing zone of the film contacts the peaks of the corrugations of the pre-densified fibrous structure; - closing (120) the injection device by placing the opposing mold on the film and applying a pressing pressure (P 压紧 ) to keep the reinforcing zone of the film in contact with the peaks of the corrugations of the pre-densified fibrous structure; and - densifying (130) the pre-densified fibrous structure by infiltrating a slurry into the pores of the pre-densified fibrous structure, the slurry being injected laterally into the cavity under an injection pressure (P 注射 ) with respect to the film, such that the pressure difference between the pressing pressure and the injection pressure is between 0.5 x 10 5 Pa and 6 x 10 5 Pa.
Owner:SAFRAN CERAMICS SA

Pressure casting of submicron ceramic particles and methods of ejection

Methods and apparatus are provided for pressure casting ceramic bodies. Methods and apparatus are provided for rapid ejection of cast ceramic bodies from a mold. A mold is described that has an impermeable cavity surface to provide dry release of the cast body. Ceramic bodies produced by the methods and apparatus have smooth, non-tacky surfaces after ejection from the mold
Owner:JAMES R GLIDEWELL DENTAL CERAMICS

Gypsum mold having an internal structure ceramic body and a molding method thereof

The present application relates to the technical field of ceramic manufacturing, and particularly relates to a gypsum mold with an internal structure ceramic body and a forming method thereof; the mold comprises an internal structure mold and an external main mold, the internal structure mold is used for manufacturing an internal structure model process green body, and the internal structure model process green body is placed in the external main mold and processed into a ceramic product green body; the present application provides a gypsum mold design and forming method of an internal structure ceramic product green body, the external main mold and the internal structure model are reasonably split, gypsum molds are respectively designed, a ceramic clay body mold with an internal structure is obtained, and a complex internal structure can be realized in a ceramic product.
Owner:KAIPING GOLD MEDAL SHAITARY WARE CO LTD

A cementitious grout material forming apparatus and method

The application discloses a cement grouting material forming device and method, which comprises a cylinder and a cushion block, first and second end covers are respectively and tightly arranged at two ends of the cylinder, a plurality of capillary layers are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, and a replaceable water permeable membrane is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder along the circumferential direction; a slurry inlet is arranged on the first end cover, and a water excretion hole is arranged on the second end cover; the cushion block is arranged in the cylinder, a plurality of capillary drainage grooves are arranged on the side of the second end cover close to the cushion block, and the capillary layer and the capillary drainage groove are matched to drain the water excreted by the test piece in the cylinder from the water excretion hole. The capillary layer is arranged to simulate the capillary pores of the surrounding soil in the engineering application process, the excreted water can be guided out of the capillary layer when the cement grouting material is pressurized, the water-binder ratio of the test piece measured is closer to the actual water-binder ratio, and the compression resistance data is more in line with the actual situation.
Owner:SHANDONG GUANGXIN ENG TESTING GRP CO LTD

Method for densifying a fibrous texture by injecting a slip

A method for densifying a fibrous texture made of ceramic material with a ceramic matrix used in injection equipment including a mold cavity defined between a mold and a counter-mold, the mold cavity defining an internal space, and a membrane comprising a stiffened zone, the membrane being intended to be placed between a fibrous texture present in the mold cavity and the counter-mold, and the stiffened zone of the membrane having a Young's modulus greater than 200 GPa, the method including placing a predensified fibrous texture in the mold cavity, the predensified fibrous texture having corrugations on the surface and placing the membrane on the predensified fibrous texture in such a way that the stiffened zone of the membrane is in contact with the peaks of the corrugations of the predensified fibrous texture; closing the injection equipment, and densifying.
Owner:SAFRAN CERAMICS SA

Integral Slurry Casting Mold and Forming Method for Ceramic Hand Molds

The present invention provides a ceramic hand mold integral slip casting mold and a forming method. The mold is divided into a main mold and an upper mold. The inner cavity of the main mold is in the shape of the main body of the hand mold. The upper mold is buckled at the upper opening of the main mold. There is a slurry injection port in the center, and a protruding edge extends downward to form a groove between it and the inner wall of the main mold. The slurry is injected from the slurry injection port. When the green clay in the main mold reaches a predetermined thickness, the slurry is poured out. At this time, there is still remaining slurry in the groove that cannot be poured out. The mold is inverted until the thickness of the green clay in the groove reaches the thickness of the fixed part of the hand mold, and then demolding is carried out. In this way, the main body part and the fixed seat part of the hand mold can be formed by one-time slip casting, improving the production efficiency.
Owner:蔡灵明

Toilet high-pressure slip casting device and process thereof

The closestool high-pressure slip casting device comprises an equipment frame, and the top of the equipment frame is fixedly connected with a connecting cross beam; the first limiting sliding rods are arranged in the middle of the equipment frame, the outer sides of the first limiting sliding rods are slidably connected with a plurality of first moving frames, and female dies for driving the two die cavities are arranged below the first moving frames; the second limiting sliding rod and the second limiting sliding rod are arranged in the middle of the equipment frame and located above the first limiting sliding rod, in the mold closing process, the second movable frame on the outermost edge drives the shielding cloth to be pulled out to shield the steel wire rope on the upper portion and prevent the steel wire rope from falling to interfere with mold closing on the lower portion, and the storage box and the clockwork spring can automatically wind the shielding cloth during resetting. According to the discharging part, transverse moving, lifting, rotating and overturning actions of a discharging bracket are achieved through a linear module, a driving air cylinder, a second gear motor, a synchronous belt transmission assembly and the like, blanks can be flexibly taken down from a male die, and the positions of the blanks can be adjusted, so that workers can receive the blanks conveniently.
Owner:GUANGDONG OULU SANITARY WARE CO LTD

Casting mould, method and plant for manufacturing ceramic sanitary ware

A method for manufacturing ceramic sanitary ware (2) by means of pressure casting in a mould (4) comprising at least two mould parts (5A, 5B), the method comprising the following steps: - a mould treatment step, during which an application device (7) applies a first ceramic body comprising a ceramic suspension with a viscosity of 3,000-30,000 cPs on a surface of at least one of the mould parts (5A, 5B) to form a defined decoration (D) thereon; - a step of closing the mould (4), whereby a casting cavity (6) is formed; - a casting step during which a feeding system feeds a second ceramic body under pressure into the casting cavity (6); - a forming step, during which the liquid component of the second ceramic body flows through the walls of the mould parts (5A, 5B) and out of the casting cavity (6), while the solid component is deposited on said walls; and - a demoulding step, during which the finished ceramic sanitary ware (2), with the defined decoration (D) incorporated therein, is extracted from the mould (4).
Owner:SACMI COOPERATIVA MECCANICI IMOLA SOC COOP ARL

A flip - type ceramic pressure grouting machine and its continuous grouting and forming method

The present invention discloses a flip-type ceramic pressure grouting machine, which includes a frame, and further includes a rotating concave mold group, a grouting convex mold, a hydraulic mechanism, a linkage mechanism and a blank taking mechanism installed on the frame. The rotating concave mold group is erected in the middle of the frame, the grouting convex mold drives the rotating concave mold group to rotate through the linkage mechanism, and the blank taking mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the frame and suspended above the rotating concave mold group. The present invention also discloses a continuous grouting forming method applied to the flip-type ceramic pressure grouting machine. The flip-type mechanism adopted by the present invention enables blank taking and mold locking to be carried out simultaneously, speeds up the forming speed of ceramic products, and realizes automatic control and continuous forming of ceramic disc-shaped or special-shaped flat products. At the same time, the blank taking operation is carried out after the blank body is in a flat state, so that the blank body is evenly stressed during blank taking, avoiding the problem of deformation when the blank body is taken out in the vertical state, and greatly improving the production efficiency and the qualified rate of the blank body.
Owner:CHAOZHOU DINGTAI CERAMICS CO LTD

Inner pot movable block model and toilet mold

The present invention relates to an inner pot movable block model and a toilet mold, comprising an inner pot middle movable block, an inner pot upper movable block, an inner pot front movable block, an inner pot left movable block, an inner pot right movable block, an inner pot left rear movable block, and an inner pot right rear movable block. The upper side surfaces of the inner pot middle movable block, the inner pot left movable block, the inner pot right movable block, the inner pot left rear movable block, and the inner pot right rear movable block all fit in place with the lower side surface of the inner pot upper movable block. A positioning structure is provided between the inner pot upper movable block and the inner pot middle movable block. The inner pot middle movable block, the inner pot left movable block, and the inner pot right movable block all have an upwardly projecting protrusion at the front, and the inner pot upper movable block has an escape portion that fits in place with the protrusion. The present invention has a simple structure, can optimize the problem of the inner pot upper movable block being easily broken and deformed at the front, extend the use of the mold, and simultaneously make the molded product smooth, stabilize production capacity, and improve product qualification rate and production efficiency.
Owner:HUIDA SANITARY WARE

Multi-part casting mould for sanitary objects, method for opening and closing said casting mould, and gypsum bench

ActiveEP3481610B1MouldsSlip casting moulds
The invention relates to a multi-part casting mould for producing sanitary objects. The casting mould comprises at least one core wedge (30) of wedge-shaped design, and a core mould (1), wherein the at least one core wedge (30) has a magnetic element. Furthermore, the core mould (1) has at least one magnet (10) which is displaceable by means of a compressed-air actuating device and is connectable to the magnetic element of the core wedge (30) in order to fix the core wedge (30) on the core mould (1). Furthermore, a method for opening and closing a casting mould and a gypsum bench with a plurality of multi-part casting moulds are disclosed.
Owner:VILLEROY & BOCH AG