The invention provides a detecting circuit and method for a short circuit of an elevator door lock loop. A plurality of floor door lock safety contacts are connected in series, and the first ends of the floor door lock safety contacts are connected with a voltage and form a first node; the second ends of the floor door lock safety contacts are connected with car door lock safety contacts and form a second node; and the other ends of the car door lock safety contacts forms a third node. The detecting method comprises the steps: when an elevator reaches a flat bed position of a target floor and a door is opened in place, detecting whether the third node is provided with a voltage signal or not, if yes, outputting a short circuit signal and carrying out fault treatment, if not, detecting whether the second node is provided with a voltage signal or not, if yes, outputting a short circuit signal and carrying out fault treatment, if not, judging whether the elevator is located on a door region position or not, if yes, communicating the first node and the third node and detecting whether the second node is provided with a voltage signal, if yes, outputting a short circuit signal and carrying out fault treatment. By using the detecting circuit and method, the condition that a main door lock loop, a floor door lock and a car door lock are short-circuited can be detected, and fault treatment can be carried out during short circuit to control the elevator to stop operating, so that hazardous conditions are avoided.