The invention discloses a device and method for laser remote removal of foreign matter on a transmission line. The device comprises a laser, a numerical control base, a light beam collimator, a visible indicating light unit, a scanning galvanometer, a distance measuring instrument, an electronic telescoping sighting device, a controller and an emitting barrel. By the adoption of the device and method, only one operator is needed, large-sized equipment or other auxiliary equipment is not needed, the operator does not have to climb a tower or a rope ladder, environment conditions such as the terrain and the line height do not needed to be considered, the device simply needs to be adjusted so as to be aligned to a target and emit lasers, the foreign matter can be removed or shot down within tens of seconds, the operator do not make any contact with facilities and equipment of the transmission line in the whole process, hot-line work can be conducted, the foreign matter on the transmission line can be remotely, rapidly and safely removed in time, and the application prospect is good.